概念场视阈下“覆盖”义动词的历时演变  

Diachronic Evolution of “Covering” Meaning Verb Under the Concept Field Vision

作　　者：李永春[1] LI Yongchun(School of Humanities,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学人文科学学院

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第1期63-72,共10页Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：黑龙江省青年创新人才培养计划项目“概念场视阈下上古汉语手部动作动词研究”(UNPYSCT-2017042);国家社科基金重大项目“基于国际化、标准化的古籍印刷通用字字形规范研究”(15zdb096)

摘　　要：覆盖义动词是指核心义素表覆盖义的动词,主要有“蒙”“覆”“盖”“茨”“苫”等5个动词,它们都具有[用工具]+[自上而下]+{将}[受事]+[盖住]这样的语义特征。文章将共时分析与历时演变相结合,尝试运用概念要素分析法,来探讨覆盖义动词在汉语史上的发展演变。文章认为唐宋及以前“覆盖”概念场主导词是“覆”,元明清“覆盖”概念场主导词是“盖”,元代“盖”对“覆”的替换业已完成。“茨”使用寿命比较短,仅见于上古,“苫”萌芽于魏晋六朝时期,是一个口语词,明清后“苫”用例有所增加,“苫”在现代汉语北方方言中仍有使用。The“covering”meaning verb refers to the verb whose core sememe shows the meaning of“covering”.It mainly includes“meng”,“fu”,“gai”,“ci”and“shan”,which all have such semantic features as[using tools]+[from top to bottom]+{making}[object]+[covered].This paper explores the development and evolution of“covering”meaning verb in the history of Chinese by combining synchronic analysis with diachronic evolution,and attempting to use conceptual element analysis method.“fu”was the dominant word of concept field of“covering”in the Tang and Song Dynasties and before,and“gai”was the one in the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties.“gai”replaced“fu”completely in the Yuan Dynasty.“ci”had a relatively short service life.It was only seen in the ancient times.“shan”germinated in the Weijin Dynasties and Six Dynasties.It was a colloquial word,whose use cases somewhat increased after the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It is still used in the northern dialect of modern Chinese.

关 键 词：覆盖义动词 概念要素分析法 历时演变 主导词替换 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]