昆明市区滇润楠病虫害调查及防治  

Survey and Prevention of Pests and Diseases of Machilus yunnanensis in Kunming

作　　者：甘晓鹏 金明霞 谢谷艾 喻爱林 涂业苟 秦政 黄建军 GAN Xiao-peng;JIN Ming-xia;XIE Gu-ai;YU Ai-lin;TU Ye-gou;QIN Zheng;HUANG Jian-jun(Yongxin Bureau of Forestry,Yongxin,Jiangxi 343400,China;Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省永新县林业局,江西永新343400 [2]江西林业科学院,江西南昌330013 [3]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2019年第4期287-291,共5页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：江西省林业科技创新项目(201613);江西省林业科学院青年人才培养项目(2017522501,2018521601)和江西省林业科学院重点项目(2016512501)

摘　　要：滇润楠(Machilus yunnanensis Lec)是昆明市重要行道树之一,近年来一些病虫害的发生严重影响了其观赏价值。研究对昆明市区的滇润楠进行病虫害调查,以期为滇润楠病虫害防治工作提供科学指导。选择西南林业大学校园作为调查地点,每3株调查1株滇润楠病虫危害状况,采集主要病虫害标本带回实验室鉴定,定期调查其发生规律。结果显示:主要虫害是长脊冠网蝽(Stephantitis svensoni)危害率为92.98%,危害指数为58.48;粉虱(Aleyrodidae sp.)危害率为71.93%,危害指数44.66;白轮蚧(Aulacaspis sp.)危害率和危害指数分别为66.67%和35.67;角蜡蚧(Ceroplastes ceriferus)危害率为37.72%,危害指数为17.54;兴隆舞蚜(Astegopteryx sp.)零星发生;通过媒介昆虫携带病原菌,从伤口侵入引起的白脉病,危害率为78.07%,病情指数为44.74;由叶点霉(Phyllosticta sp.)引起的叶斑病,危害率和病情指数分别为68.42%和37.72。研究调查了这7种病虫害的发生规律,提出了防治方法及综合管理措施。Machilus yunnanensis Lec is an important tree specy in Kunming.But in recent years,a number of serious pests and diseases affected their ornamental values.In this study,Machilus yunnanensis pests were surveyed in order to provide scientific guidance for Machilus yunnanensis pest control.Southwest Forestry University campus was selected as survey sites,and a survey was conducted every three trees to get the Machilus pest damage situation by collecting samples back to the lab to identify the major pests and diseases.Surveys of its occurrence rule were done regularly.The results showed that:The main pest was Stephantitis svensoni,with the harm of 92.98%and hazard index of 58.48;Aleyrodidae with hazard rate of 71.93% and hazard index of 44.66;Aulacaspis with hazard rate of 66.67% and hazard index of 35.67;wax scale Ceroplastes ceriferus with hazard ratio of 37.72% and hazard index of 17.54%;booming dance aphid Astegopteryx sporadic with occasional occurrence;white vein disease with damage rate of 78.07% and the condition index of 44.74;Phyllosticta leaf spot with hazard rate of 68.42% and disease index of 37.72%.Preliminary investigation into the occurrence rule of these seven kinds of pests were done to propose control methods and integrated management measures.

关 键 词：病虫害 防治对策 园林生态系统 滇润楠 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]