移动的边界：新闻生产中的“目击”及其变迁——一项新闻社会史考察  

oving boundary: “Eyewitness” in news production and its transition——based on the perspective of social history of journalism

作　　者：王敏[1,2] Wang Min(School of Journalism and Communication,Southwest University)

机构地区：[1]西南大学新闻传媒学院 [2]西南大学重庆市高校网络舆情与思想动态研究咨政中心

出　　处：《新闻界》2019年第11期11-18,59,共9页Journalism and Mass Communication

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“新媒介场域下的新闻生产惯习研究””（17BXW025）

摘　　要：本文尝试在"边界工作"和"阐释社群"的框架下,进行一项新闻社会史梳理,回溯历史上新闻业如何通过对目击内容的媒介化,将"目击者"始终置于职业边界之外的"信源"角色。随着互联网时代的到来,大规模的"公民目击"开始打破这一边界,借助社交网络,形成独立于传统机构媒体之外的信息传播与诠释,在一定程度上消解了作为"阐释社群"的专业新闻生产者对真相的垄断和权威。在新闻业整体走向"液态"的多维度快速变迁过程中,思考和重新设计媒体自身以及公民目击者的定位,重构社交媒体时代新闻业的边界,以一种合作的思维,将目击者内容纳入参与式新闻生产逻辑,成为近年来全球媒体编辑室面临的一大课题。This paper attempts to trace the history of "eyewitness" in news production and its transition in the frame of "boundary work" and "interpretative community". In the era of traditional media, eyewitness had been viewed as an important and special source to supply firsthand information from the news site, which helped media to establish a cultural authority of truth. Nevertheless, the booming of "citizen eyewitness" starts to break the boundary through producing and disseminating information by social media, instead of depending on mainstream media, which challenging the cultural authority of professional journalism. Thus the news industry should reconstruct the boundary between amateurs and professional journalists with a cooperative concept, aiming to build a mode of participatory journalism which could effectively integrate witness contents into conventional news production. In this way, "eyewitness" should be treated not only as news sources, but also as equal content "produsers".

关 键 词：目击 边界 阐释社群 文化权威 用户生产内容 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]