“旧识”何以发“新知”:“四力”新闻思想的历史索隐与当代阐释  

How does "old knowledge" activates " new knowledge" :The Historical Connotation and Contemporary Interpretation of "Four Capabilities" News Thoughts

作　　者：董浩[1] Dong Hao(School of Journalism and Communication,Nanjing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《新闻界》2019年第11期29-39,共11页Journalism and Mass Communication

基　　金：江苏省研究生创新计划项目“生活世界理论视域下媒介化与精神交往秩序的重建”（KYCX19_0751）

摘　　要：自"四力"提出以来,中国社会各界掀起了多轮的学习、讨论、践行与研究的热潮。总的来讲,这些行动确实在一定程度上促进了对于"四力"的理解与推动了对于"四力"的践行。但仔细分析之后则会发现,已有研究仍存在一定的问题:第一,目前学界、业界对"四力"的研究,主要集中在从现当下所处的时代、历史语境进行横向的、剖面式的解读与阐释,而相对缺乏从历史维度沿着思想发展的脉络进行纵向的发掘与探析;第二,目前学界、业界对于"四力"的研究,主要是从本地区、本单位、本人的一些具体的媒体从业经验、采写经历、具体的教育实践或采风活动等出发对如何进行践行"四力"的经验总结式、报告式、心得体会式的研究,而相对缺乏反思性、批判性的研究。故为了弥补以往研究的不足,文章将从新闻思想史的视角对"四力"进行一个历史-社会学意义或维度上的纵向与横向相结合的综合考察与探析。研究认为,"四力"思想的产生并不是凭空而来的,而是有着其自身特定的历史与现实渊源。从历史的维度来讲,则是指承继于来自中国新闻业界实践经验的总结、新闻学术传统与政治新闻学传统中关于新闻或新闻业务的思想阐发;从现实的角度来讲,则是直接来源于中国当下所处的时代、技术与社会语境。具体而言,即中共党报理论通过将新闻记者的基本业务素养与党的基本工作方法-调查研究与"群众路线"相勾连的做法,实现了"四力"思想的创新与发展。最后,文章认为,"四力"思想的创新将十分有可能成为中共党报理论在新时代背景下发展、创新的立足点与突破点。Since the introduction of "Four Capabilities", many circles of Chinese society have set off a wave of learning, discussion, practice and research. The proposition of "Four Capabilities" aroused a learning upsurge of learning, discussion, practice and research in Chinese society. In general, these actions have certainly promoted the understanding and the practice of "four capabilities" to a certain extent. However, it will be found that there are still some problems in the existing research. First, the current research on the "four Capabilities" in the academic circles and the industry mainly focuses on the interpretation of horizontal and historical contexts of the present era.and relatively lacks vertical exploration and analysis from the ideological development dimension. Second, the current researches on "four capabilities " mainly are experience summary on specific media experience or collecting activities from local areas and individuals, and relatively lacks reflection and critical research. Therefore, in order to make up for the shortcomings of previous research, the article will conduct a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the combination of vertical and horizontal in the historical-sociological sense of "four Capabilities" from the point of sociology and history. The study believes that the creation of the "four Capabilities" thought does not come out of thin air, but has its own specific historical and realistic origins. From the perspective of history, it refers to the summary of the practical experience of the Chinese news industry, the academic journalism tradition and the political journalism tradition;while from the perspective of reality, it directly comes from the era, technology and social context that China now exists in.Specifically, the theory of the Communist Party of China achieved the innovation and development of the "four Capabilities" thought by linking the basic business literacy of journalists with the party’s basic working methods--investigation and research and the "mass

关 键 词：“四力” 新闻记者 采访 新闻业务 调查研究 群众路线 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]