基于汉以前中医古籍探讨针、灸疗法及其在仲景学术思想中的应用  

Discussion on Acupuncture and Moxibustion Therapy and its Application in Zhang Zhong-jing Academic Thought Based on Ancient TCM Books Before Han Dynasty

作　　者：冯文战 张传涛 王幸栓[3] FENG Wen-zhan;ZHANG Chuan-tao;WANG Xing-shuan(TCM Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University,Luzhou,Sichuan,China,646000;Sichuan Hospital of TCM,Chengdu,Sichuan,China,610075;Suining Hospital of TCM,Suining,Sichuan,China,629000)

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学附属中医医院,四川泸州646000 [2]四川省中医院,四川成都610075 [3]遂宁市中医医院,四川遂宁629000

出　　处：《河南中医》2019年第12期1789-1791,共3页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：四川省第二批优秀中医药临床人才培训项目

摘　　要：经络理论的形成在马王堆汉墓出土的医学文献中已有描述,《黄帝内经》中的经络学说相比于马王堆汉墓出土的《足臂十一脉灸经》和《阴阳十一脉灸经》中经络学说已经有了极大地丰富和发展。对比《难经》和《黄帝内经》,在针刺补泻的手法上或存在不同的学术流派。从马王堆汉墓中出土的《脉法》《五十二病方》的"灸"到《黄帝内经》《难经》丰富的刺法,治疗方法的理论及工具日渐丰富。基于《伤寒论》和《金匮要略》条文,可以看出仲景时代的医疗是继承了前人的经络及针、灸成果,当时存在烧针、温针、灸、刺穴位等多种治法,尤其是"烧针"一法,在治疗伤寒时经常被使用。仲景作为经方一派,对经络及刺、灸等方法也有继承和发展,针药并用,论述了疾病从经络入脏腑的发病规律,并在治疗伤寒和杂病中应用了刺、灸方法。但对于仲景时代广泛应用"烧针""温针"治疗伤寒的社会现象给予了批判。The formation of meridian theory has been described in the medical literature unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb.The meridian theory in Huangdi′s Internal Classic has been greatly enriched and developed compared with Foot-Arm 11-Vein Moxibustion Classic and Yin-Yang 11-Vein Moxibustion Classic unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb.Compared with The Classic of Difficult Issues,and Huangdi′s Internal Classic,there may be different academic schools according to different reinforcing and purging methods.From the moxibustion in Pulse Method and Prescriptions for Fifty-two Diseases unearthed in Mawangdui Han Tomb to the abundant needling methods in Huangdi′s Internal Classic and The Classic of Difficult Issues,the theory and tools of treatment methods have been increasingly rich.The medical treatment of Zhang Zhong-jing′s time inherited the achievements of the meridians and acupuncture and moxibustion of the predecessors At that time,there were many treatments such as burning needling,warming needling,moxibustion and acupoint needling,especially the burning needling method,was often used in the treatment of cold damage diseases.Zhang Zhong-jing inherited and developed the meridian,needling and moxibustion methods,discussed the rules of diseases from meridians to viscera,and applied the methods of needling and moxibustion in the treatment of cold damage diseases and miscellaneous diseases,but criticized the social phenomena of extensive application of "burning needling" and "warming needling" in the treatment of cold damage diseases.

关 键 词：汉以前中医古籍 经络学说 仲景学术思想 《伤寒论》 《金匮要略》 张仲景 

分 类 号：R245[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]