连锁超市考虑越库作业的多车型车辆路径研究  

The Multi-Vehicle Path Research of Supermarket Chain Considering Cross-docking Operations

作　　者：葛显龙 尹秋霜 GE Xian-long;YIN Qiu-shuang(School of Economics and Management,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Key Laboratory of Intelligent Logistics Network for Chongqing,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学经济与管理学院,重庆400074 [2]智能物流网络重庆市重点实验室,重庆400074

出　　处：《工业工程与管理》2019年第6期116-123,131,共9页Industrial Engineering and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(19CGL041);博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2016T90862);重庆市基础与前沿研究项目(cstc2016jcyjA0160);重庆市教委人文社会科学研究项目(17SKG073)

摘　　要：针对连锁超市需求品类多、配送成本高的问题,采用越库作业的方式来减少物流运输中的库存成本,考虑到降低车辆的运输成本,在越库中心使用多车型的配送方式,以便更好地提高车辆的满载率。将物流过程分为集货、送货两阶段,采取集货过程同类型车辆协同取货和送货过程使用多车型配送的方式;为此,以车辆的运输成本、固定成本最小化为目标,建立具有多车型的越库配送车辆路径优化模型;考虑模型复杂性,设计改进遗传算法对模型进行求解,通过扫描算法产生初始种群;最后结合算例将单车型和多车型的运输成本进行比较,对模型和算法进行验证分析。结果表明,具有多车型的越库作业能有效地提高连锁超市的运作效率,降低物流成本。In view of the problems of multi-category demand and high distribution cost of supermarket chains,cross-docking operations are used to reduce inventory costs in logistics and transportation;taking into account the reduction of transportation costs of vehicles,multi-vehicle delivery methods are used in the cross-docking center,so as to better improve the full load rate of the vehicle.The logistics process is divided into two stages:collection and delivery.The collection process is the same as the type of vehicles,and the multi-model delivery method is used for the same type of vehicles.For this reason,the transportation cost and fixed cost of the vehicle are minimized.The vehicle routing optimization model of multi-vehicle distribution is established.Considering the complexity of the model,the improved genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model,and the initial population is generated by the scanning algorithm.Finally,the transportation cost of single and multiple models is compared with the example,and validation analysis of models and algorithms is conducted.The results show that the cross-docking operation with multiple models can effectively improve the operational efficiency of the chain supermarket and reduce the logistics cost.

关 键 词：越库操作 车辆路径优化 多车型 超市物流 

分 类 号：TP275[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]