生存论的建构规律是什么——人的权利与历史理性  

What is the Construction Law of Existentialism: Human Rights and Historical Rationality

作　　者：毛崇杰[1] Mao Chongjie

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院文学研究所

出　　处：《上海文化》2019年第12期97-104,127,共9页Shanghai Culture

摘　　要：宗法制度是中国封建社会的上层建筑,近代以来在民主主义冲击下瓦解。"血缘理性"与"祖赋人权"系对当前我国华南少数保留着残存的宗法制的农村进行片面调查提出的命题。"血缘理性"以种族繁衍之自然性纽带逆动于启蒙主义张扬之科学技术理性。血统论决定的封建社会阶层结构,以祖制宗法大于社会公器之宪法形成等级特权,是对合乎人的本质之权利的否定。以生存需求为底线,以自由为价值顶端之人权既不是"天赋",也不是基因遗传之"祖赋",而是通过人的奋斗争取得来,以民主与法治所保证的权利。这是历史理性在自然主义与人本主义统一基础上,以人为本体的存在论对人类命运共同体的建构。The patriarchal clan system is the superstructure of the feudal society in China, which has disintegrated under the impact of democracy since modern times. "Consanguinity rationality" and "human rights given by ancestors" are the propositions put forward by one-sided investigation on the few remaining patriarchal villages in South China. "Consanguineous rationality" reverses the natural link of racial reproduction to the scientific and technological rationality publicized by the enlightenment. The hierarchy structure of feudal society determined by the theory of lineage, formed by the constitution that the patriarchal clan system is greater than the public property, is a denial of the right conforming to human nature. The human rights with survival needs as the bottom line and freedom as the top value are neither "natural gifts" nor "ancestral endowments" of genetic inheritance, but the rights guaranteed by democracy and the rule of law. On the basis of the unity of naturalism and humanism, historical reason constructs the community of human destiny with the ontology of human beings.

关 键 词：宗法制 自然法 法定人权 人类命运共同体 

分 类 号：D998.2[政治法律—国际法学]