多年冻土区天然气管道工程：技术挑战和应对方案  

Technical Challenges and Engineering Solutions for Gas Pipelines in Permafrost Regions:A Review

作　　者：李欣泽 金会军[1,4,5] Li Xinze;Jin Huijun(State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Colieage of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100049,China;Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Co.,Shandong Dongving 257026,China;School of Civil Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China;International Research Center for Polar and Cold Regions Engineering URC-PaCRE),Polar Academy of Harbin Institute of Technology(PA-HIT),Harbin 150090,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冻土工程国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学资源环境学院,北京100049 [3]中石化石油工程设计有限公司,山东东营257026 [4]哈尔滨工业大学土木工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [5]哈尔滨工业大学极地研究院冻土与寒区工程国际研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2019年第11期1131-1140,共10页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：中石化石油工程建设有限公司应用基础课题“阿拉斯加天然气管道建设关键技术可行性研究”资助~~

摘　　要：多年冻土区油气管道工程在许多方面都有别于常温地区的油气管道工程,如偏僻的地理位置和敏感脆弱的环境,更重要是其特殊的气候、水文地质和工程地质条件以及冻融岩土灾害等条件。这使得管道设计、建设、运营、维抢和管道系统安全以及完整性管理等方面面临一系列的特殊难题。不同于已建成并运营至今的美国阿拉斯加(Alyeska)原油管道、加拿大罗曼井(Norman Wells)原油管道、中俄原油管道(漠河-大庆段)和格尔木-拉萨成品油管道,多年冻土区的天然气管道在输运介质、输送温度、环保要求等方面和输油管道有很大差异,将面临一系列新问题和新挑战。通过对多年冻土区天然气管道冷却输送工艺,管道-冻土水、热、力耦合计算,压气站失效后下游管道最低金属温度超限,基于应力设计局限、敷设方式单一、管道运营期监测系统可靠性等冻土区天然气管道特有的技术难题探讨,初步给出相应的解决方案构想,希望能够为冻土区天然气管道建设提供新的思路。Oil and gas pipelines in permafrost regions differ greatly from those in temperate climate zones.People only know that these pipelines were constructed in remote areas with fragile environments.However,gas pipeline engineering,construction,operation and management will face a series of unique problems because of unforgiving environment,special hydrogeology,engineering geology,and freezing and thawing disasters.Being different from the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System,Roman Wells Oil Pipeline,China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline from Mo’he to Daqing and Golmud-Lhasa Oil Products Pipeline,natural gas pipelines in permafrost regions face new problems and challenges in many areas including different transporting media,gas flow temperature control and environmental protection.This paper systematically reviewed issues such as chilled transporting processes,coupled hydrothermal-hydraulic-mechanical modeling of the pipe-soil system,temperature overrun in station outage scenarios,engineering constraints of stress-based design,single laying method and low reliability of monitoring system during operating stage.Initial framework solutions were proposed in the hope of identifying new approaches for gas pipeline in northern and upland permafrost regions.

关 键 词：输气管道 多年冻土 冷却输送工艺 管土水力热力耦合 基于应变的管道设计 

分 类 号：P642.14[天文地球—工程地质学]