变温处理对红花石蒜鳞茎生理及开花的影响  

Effects of Alternating Temperature on the Bulb Physiology and Flowering of Lycoris radiata

作　　者：魏绪英[1] 陈慧婷 李金峰 蔡军火[2] WEI Xu-ying;CHEN Hui-ting;LI Jin-feng;CAI Jun-huo(College of Art,Jiangxi Finance and Economics University,Nanchang 330032,China;College of Landscape and Art,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学艺术学院,江西南昌330032 [2]江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2019年第6期1086-1092,共7页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（31560226,31960327）;江西省科技厅星火计划项目（2012BBF61045）~~

摘　　要：为进一步探究温度对休眠期石蒜的影响及有效的花期调控方法,以红花石蒜4年生鳞茎(D=(3.2±0.2)cm)为试验材料,调查了13种变温贮藏处理对鳞茎内淀粉、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量及贮后生长与开花的影响。结果表明,较CK相比,20℃以上的变温(昼/夜)贮藏会显著促进红花石蒜提前出叶,25℃/15℃处理会显著提高翌年的开花率,30℃/30℃处理对出叶虽无显著影响,却会明显降低开花率;而5℃的低温处理不仅会相应地延迟红花石蒜的展叶时间,减少须根数,还会显著降低翌年的开花率,但不会显著影响切花品质。休眠期对鳞茎进行变温(25℃/15℃)或低温(5℃/5℃)贮藏(8周),会显著提高鳞茎内的可溶性糖含量(P<0.05),并相应提高可溶性蛋白和淀粉的相对含量(与CK相比)。贮藏时间(尤其在6~8周)也会显著影响鳞茎内的可溶性糖、淀粉及可溶性蛋白的含量。此外,鳞茎内可溶性蛋白含量的快速下降在一定程度与贮后的展叶期的提前呈现一定的关联(R=-0.823,P<0.01);由此推测,适度的变温处理有利于石蒜的花芽分化或发育。To explore the effect of temperature on Lycoris radiata in the stage of dormancy and the effective method of flowering regulation,4-year-old bulbs(D=(3.2±0.2)cm)were used as the experiment materials with 13 different storage treatments.And then the contents of starch,soluble sugar and soluble protein in the bulbs were investigated,as well as the growth and flowering. The results showed that compared with CK,nonisothermal treatment(day/night) above 20 ℃ promoted the leaf sprouting of Lycoris radiata,and the flowering rate of the next year increased significantly at 25 ℃/15 ℃. However,the treatment of constant 30 ℃ had no significant effect on leaf emergence,but it could significantly reduce the flowering rate in the next year.In addition,it not only delayed the leafing period,but also significantly reduced the flowering rate in the next year and the number of roots,and had no significant effect on the quality of cutting flowers in the treatment at 5 ℃.On the other hand,the soluble sugar content and the relative content of soluble protein in the bulbs of Lycoris radiata increased significantly(P<0.05)and the and starch in the bulbs increased(compared with CK)during the storage at 25 ℃/15 ℃ or 5 ℃/5 ℃.The storage time,especially in 6-8 weeks could significantly affect the contents of soluble sugar,starch and soluble protein in the bulbs of Lycoris radiata.Furthermore,in a certain extent the rapidly decreasing content of the soluble protein in the bulbs was related significantly to the earlier leaf germination(R=-0.823,P<0.01),which suggested that moderate alternating temperature was beneficial to flower bud differentiation or development of Lycoris radiata. Storage time(especially at 6-8 weeks)significantly affected the content of soluble sugar,starch and soluble protein in the bulbs of Lycoris radiata.In addition,the rapid decline of soluble protein content in the bulbs was correlated with the pre-storage leaf stage(R=-0.823,P<0.01).It is speculated that moderate temperature-changing treatment is

关 键 词：变温 贮藏 红花石蒜 鳞茎生理 开花 

分 类 号：S682.2^+9[农业科学—观赏园艺]