类型学视野下的拷贝型量词历时发展与动因  

Diachronic Development and Motivation of Message-Copying Classifiers in the Perspective of Typology

作　　者：李建平[1] LI Jianping

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学文学院

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第1期140-148,I0004,共10页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“汉语量词发展史及其语法化研究”(13CYY058),项目负责人:李建平;山东省研究生导师指导能力提升项目“基于跨学科协作的汉语言文字学研究生复合型人才培养研究与实践”(SDYY18059),项目负责人:李建平

摘　　要：拷贝型量词产生于殷商一期甲骨,但其发展非常缓慢,到西周早期发展至顶峰后迅速衰落,西周晚期仍可见,东周初期彻底消亡。从类型学视野看,拷贝型量词使用较为普遍,形式多样,其量词性质无可置疑。拷贝型量词促进了汉语个体量词的语法化,但限于语音形式、语义滞留等因素无法进一步语法化,因此,在真正的个体量词产生后,拷贝型量词就完成了其使命而迅速消亡。Message-copying classifiers originated from the oracle in the first period of Yin and Shang Dynasty which developed slowly.They reached their peak in the early Western Zhou Dynasty and declined rapidly.They were still used until the late Western Zhou Dynasty and completely disappeared in the early Eastern Zhou Dynasty.From the perspective of typology,the message-copying classifiers are widely used and diversified,thus the classifiers for sure.And the message-copying classifiers promotes the grammaticalization of individual measure words,but have no further grammaticalization due to the phonetic form and the lingering semantics.Therefore,they completed their mission and disappeared rapidly after the emergence of authentic individual measure word.

关 键 词：拷贝型量词 反响型量词 通用量词 名量词 语法化 藏缅语族 

分 类 号：H042[语言文字—语言学] H131