重庆山地公园子汇水区产流特征与雨洪利用改造策略  

Analysis on Surface Runoff Property and Stormwater Utilization in Urban Mountain Parks in Chongqing

作　　者：刘家琳[1] 李媛媛 张建林[1] LIU Jialin;LI Yuanyuan;ZHANG Jianlin

机构地区：[1]西南大学园艺园林学院 [2]雄安城市规划设计研究院有限公司

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2019年第6期42-49,共8页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目：城市山地公园低影响开发系统布局构建研究——以“海绵城市”建设试点城市重庆为例（51708452）

摘　　要：重庆主城区山地公园外排雨洪与暴雨水问题不容忽视,针对其产流量化特征以及相应的雨洪利用策略的研究较缺乏。以重庆主城区四种典型基址类型的12例山地公园为研究对象,基于SWMM建立山地公园现状雨洪模型,在25 mm、50 mm、127 mm、166 mm降雨下,对138个子汇水区进行产流模拟分析,得出25 mm、50 mm降雨下,子汇水区土壤基本均未饱和,不透水率与产流量呈线性关系,127 mm、166 mm降雨下,随雨量的增加,不透水率与产流量的线性拟合度减弱,饱和入渗率与产流量的线性拟合度增强。25 mm、50 mm、127 mm、166 mm降雨下,公园综合径流系数分别为0.313、0.342、0.529和0.617。雨洪利用策略以子汇水区为基本管控单元,针对6种典型的子汇水区类型,提出不同雨型控制目标下相应的低影响开发设施布局策略,并基于产流量分析结果对渗透设施(简易型生物滞留设施、渗透塘)规模计算公式进行细化,研究结果为海绵城市建设和城市双修背景下,山地公园汇水区现状雨洪管理优化改造提供实践指导参考。The stormwater in most urban mountain parks in Chongqing City has not been utilized by planning and design. In the Southwest Region of China under subtropical monsoon humid climate, little research has been done to study surface runoff characteristics and stormwater utilization in urban mountain parks. This study focused on four types of urban mountain park(hilltop subtype, hillside subtype, piedmont subtype and valley substype). Three typical cases in each subtype resulted in 12 typical cases were focused in this study. These 12 parks were divided into 138 subcatchments. Stormwater management models were created by SWMM to analyze the surface runoff quantity and the comprehensive runoff coefficients of the subcatchments. The subcatchments properties in SWMM were set as below. 1) The area, width, slope and the impervious rate properties of each subcatchment were set based on the Auto CAD topographic map data. 2) Horton model is adopted for the infiltration model in SWMM. The saturated infiltration rate of the topsoil(thickness of 30 cm) under four types of vegetation(ground cover subtype, shrub and ground cover subtype, arbor and ground cover subtype, arbor, shrub and ground cover subtype) in each park was measured in the laboratory by the ring cutter sampling method. The saturated infiltration rate of the pervious portion of each subcatchment was determined by the area weighting method according to the saturated infiltration rate of the topsoil under the four types of vegetation. The initial infiltration rate of the pervious portion of the subcatchment was determined based on another local research result of the initial infiltration rate(rainfall interval 2-7 days) of the urban green space in Chongqing. The infiltration attenuation coefficient was according to the model default value. 3) The manning’s n for overland flow over the impervious portion and the depth of depression storage on the impervious portion were determined by the model recommended value of the impervious concrete. The manning’s n for overl

关 键 词：风景园林 城市山地公园 SWMM模型 产流特征 低影响开发 

分 类 号：TU984.119[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]