榆树枯枝病病原菌的形态学鉴定  

Morphological Identification of the Branch Wilt Pathogen of Ulmus pumila L.

作　　者：祝文博[1] 刘建荣 王永 彭徐剑[3] 刘雪峰[1] ZHU Wenbo;LIU Jianrong;WANG Yong;PENG Xujian;LIU Xuefeng(School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Forest Management Office of Tahe Forestry Bureau,Daheanling Tahe County 165200,China;Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省塔河林业局林管理处森防站,黑龙江塔河165200 [3]南京森林警察学院,南京210023

出　　处：《森林工程》2020年第1期19-24,共6页Forest Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31600523)

摘　　要：在东北林业大学校园内的榆树(Ulmus pumila L.)枝条上发现一种由火炬树暗葡腔菌(Phaeobotryon rhois)引起的榆树枯枝病,是我国在榆树枝条上发现的一种新病害。该病害主要发生在老龄榆树上,产生黑色子实体,表面附有暗色单隔孢子。为了解该病害的发生和侵染,根据柯赫氏证病法,对该病害进行分离、接种和再分离确定病原菌,结合形态学和分子生物学对病原菌进行鉴定。结果表明:用烧伤、划伤和无伤3种方法接种在健康的水培枝条上,45 d后仅烧伤接种表现出典型症状,说明该病原菌不能从寄主的自然孔口或直接穿透表皮入侵,属于一种弱寄生病害。经形态学特征比对和rDNA-ITS序列分析确定,引起该病害的病原菌鉴定为火炬树暗葡腔菌(Phaeobotryon rhois)。On the campus of Northeast Forestry University, a pathogen of Phaeobotryon rhois blight was found on Ulmus pumila L., which is a new pathogen found in China. The disease mainly occurs in old trees, producing black sporophores with darkspore on the surface. In order to investigate the occurrence and the invasive progress of the disease, the pathogen was identified through isolation, inoculation and re-isolation according to Koch’s postulates, also were identified basing on morphological and molecular characteristics. In laboratory, approaches of burning, scratching and untreating were used on healthily-growing hydroponics branches, which were all inoculated by the pathogen isolated. After 45 days, only the burnt inoculation revealed typical symptoms. The result of pathogenicity test shows that the disease can’t penetrate through the natural orifice of the host and invade directly, therefore it is a weak parasitic disease. By the parallel on morphologic features and analysis of rDNA-ITS Sequences of the isolated strain, the pathogen was identified as Phaeobotryon rhois.

关 键 词：火炬树暗葡腔菌 RDNA-ITS 榆树新病害 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学] S792.25[农业科学—林学]