1135例新生儿呼吸困难的病因、特点和危险因素分析  

Analysis of etiology, characteristics and risk factors of dyspnea in 1135 neonates

作　　者：刘弦 杭杲[3] 胡金绘 张军[1] 潘兆军[1] 武荣[1] LIU Xian;HANG Gao;HU Jinhui;ZHANG Jun;PAN Zhaojun;WU Rong(Neonatal Medical Center,Huai′an Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Yangzhou University,Jiangsu Province,Huai′an 223002,China;Department of Pediatrics,Guannan People′s Hospital,Jiangsu Province,Lianyungang 222500,China;Children′s Hospital,Nantong Ruizi Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Yangzhou University,Jiangsu Province,Nantong 226001,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学医学院附属淮安市妇幼保健院新生儿医学中心,江苏淮安223002 [2]江苏省连云港市灌南县人民医院儿科,江苏连云港222500 [3]扬州大学医学院附属南通瑞慈医院儿童医院,江苏南通226001

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2019年第36期100-103,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：江苏省卫生健康委科研课题（H2018009）;江苏省妇幼健康科研项目（F201812）

摘　　要：目的分析呼吸困难在新生儿期的常见病因、临床特点及危险因素。方法选取2018年1~12月扬州大学医学院附属淮安市妇幼保健院新生儿科住院2270例新生儿为研究对象。依据是否发生呼吸困难,分为呼吸困难组(1135例)及对照组(1135例)。分析呼吸困难新生儿的病因,比较不同胎龄、不同出生体重新生儿呼吸困难的发病率及新生儿呼吸困难的单因素分析、多因素分析等。结果新生儿呼吸困难在呼吸系统的发生率最高,其中新生儿肺炎为主要病因,新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征为第二病因。不同胎龄、不同出生体重的新生儿呼吸困难发生率比较,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。且胎龄、剖宫产、宫内窘迫、母亲贫血、窒息是发生新生儿呼吸困难的危险因素(P<0.01)。结论呼吸困难由多种病因所致,早发现、早诊断、早治疗,对提高新生儿疾病的治愈率、减少住院时间、降低死亡率及减少后遗症的发生有重要意义。Objective To analyze the common etiology,clinical characteristics and risk factors of dyspnea in neonatal period.Methods From January to December 2018,2270 neonates admitted to Neonatal Medical Center,Huai′an Ma-ternal and Child Health Hospital of Jiangsu Province were selected as the study subjects.According to the occurrence of dyspnea,they were divided into dyspnea group(1135 cases)and control group(1135 cases).The etiology of dyspnea neonates was analyzed,and the incidence of dyspnea neonates with different gestational ages and birth weights were compared,as well as the univariate and multivariate analyses of dyspnea neonates.Results The incidence of neonatal dyspnea was the highest in the respiratory system,in which neonatal pneumonia was the main etiology and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome was the second etiology.The incidence of dyspnea in neonates with different gestational ages and birth weights were significantly differents(P<0.01).And gestational age,cesarean section,intrauterine dis-tress,maternal anemia,asphyxia were the risk factors for neonatal dyspnea(P<0.01).Conclusion Dyspnea is caused by many etiology.Early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment are of great significance to improve the cure rate of neonatal diseases,reduce the length of hospital stay,lower the mortality,and reduce the incidence of sequelae.

关 键 词：呼吸困难 新生儿 病因 危险因素 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]