新型空气净化器净化性能研究  

Purification Performance of a Novel Air Purifier

作　　者：张辉[1,2] 贾颖 石彤[1] 张海萍[1] 祝京旭[1,2] Zhang Hui;Jia Ying;Shi Tong;Zhang Haiping;Zhu Jingxu(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Powder Technology Research Center,The University of Western Ontario,London N6A 5B9,Canada)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,天津300072 [2]加拿大西安大略大学粉体技术研究中心,伦敦N6A 5B9

出　　处：《天津大学学报（自然科学与工程技术版）》2020年第3期301-308,共8页Journal of Tianjin University：Science and Technology

摘　　要：针对传统的过滤式空气净化器随颗粒污染物在材料表面的沉积而导致压降大、能耗高的问题,本文设计了一种以物理吸附为主要净化原理的新型空气净化器.空气净化器采用褶皱式流道,空气在褶皱内部形成漩涡,增大颗粒污染物与吸附材料的接触,有利于提高净化性能.流道与风向平行,风阻小,能耗低.本研究参照国家标准GB/T18801-2015《空气净化器》搭建了一个体积为2.94 m3的密闭实验舱,以香烟的烟雾作为颗粒污染源,研究了吸附材料、PM2.5的初始浓度和处理风量对新型空气净化器净化性能的影响.实验结果表明,吸附材料的微观结构影响净化性能,多层致密的纤维结构或由材料修饰得到的超微孔道有助于提高材料对颗粒的吸附,驻极体材料带电可显著提高吸附效果.在选取的材料中,HEPA的净化性能最好,静电棉的吸附效果明显高于初效过滤棉.PM2.5的初始浓度不会影响新型空气净化器的净化性能.随着处理风量的增大,洁净空气量和去除率增大,有效净化效率减小.本实验还对比了不同处理风量下新型空气净化器的压降和净化能效,压降随着处理风量的减小而减小,净化能效随着处理风量的减小而增大,当处理风量为44.1 m^3/h时,空气净化器的压降仅为54 Pa,净化能效高达42 m^3/(h·W),表明此空气净化器适用于低风速长时间运行,具有良好的应用前景.To overcome the drawbacks of large pressure drop and high energy consumption because of the deposition of particulate pollutants on the surface of traditional filter-type air purifier, a novel air purifier was designed, with physical adsorption as the main principle of purification. The air purifier adopts a pleated flow channel, in which the air forms vortices that increase the contact between particulate pollutants and adsorption material, which improves the purification performance. The flow channel is parallel to the direction of airflow with small flow resistance and low energy consumption. On the basis of the national standard GB/T 18801-2015 "Air Purifier," an airtight experimental chamber with a volume of 2.94 m3 was built, and cigarette smoke was used as the particle pollution source. This study mainly investigated the influence of adsorption material, initial concentration of PM2.5, and airflow rate on the purification performance of the novel air purifier. The results showed that the microstructure of the adsorption material plays a vital role in the purification performance. The multilayer dense fiber structure or the ultramicropore modified by the material has a good effect on the adsorption of particles, and the charge of the electret material can significantly improve the adsorption effect. Among the selected materials, HEPA exhibits the best purification performance. The adsorption effect of electrostatic nonwoven filter is obviously higher than that of regular nonwoven filter. The initial concentrations of PM2.5 have no effect on the purification performance of the air purifier. With the increase in the airflow rate, the clean air delivery and removal rates increase, whereas the effective purification efficiency decreases. The experiment also compared the pressure drop and cleaning energy efficiency of the novel air purifier with different airflow rates. The pressure drop decreases with the decrease in the airflow rate, and the cleaning energy efficiency increases with the decrease in the airflow

关 键 词：空气净化器 PM2.5 吸附材料 净化性能 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]