城市河流水体污染物降解规律及降解系数研究  

A Study on Degradation Rules and Coefficients of Water Pollutants in Urban Rivers

作　　者：孙远军[1] 卢士强[1] 邵一平[1] 杨漪帆[1] 李柱 Sun Yuanjun;Lu Shiqiang;Shao Yiping;Yang Yifan;Li Zhu(Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Pudong New Area Water Corporation Limited,Shanghai 201200)

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [2]上海浦东新区自来水有限公司,上海201200

出　　处：《上海环境科学》2019年第6期231-236,共6页Shanghai Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划（编号：2017YFC0405400）;上海市科委科研项目（编号：16DZ1204805）;上海市水务局科研项目（编号：沪水科2018-06）资助

摘　　要：为探索入河污染物所发生的变化过程及综合降解系数,以上海市的蒲汇塘河道为研究对象,通过环形水槽开展河水的动态降解试验,在另外的塑料箱内同步进行静态降解试验。试验结果表明,蒲汇塘河水中SS的静态和动态沉降系数分别为0.291d^-1和0.164d^-1。静态条件下,河水中CODCr和TOC的综合降解系数均为0.127d^-1,其中物理沉降所做的贡献较低。颗粒态磷主要以生物降解为主,其中静态条件和动态条件下生物降解系数分别为0.402d^-1和0.384d^-1。氮营养盐的降解以硝化反应为主,局部有微弱的反硝化进行,硝化过程分慢速和快速2个阶段,动态降解慢速阶段的硝化降解系数为0.035d^-1,快速阶段的系数为0.79d^-1。To explore the changing process and composite degradation coefficients of pollutants in rivers water,Puhuitang River in Shanghai was taken as the research object.Dynamic tests for degradation of pollutants in river water were carried out through a circular tank,and static degradation tests were synchronously performed in another plastic container.The results showed that the steady settling rate and dynamic sedimentation coefficient of SS in Puhuitang River water were 0.291d^-1 and 0.164d^-1,respectively.Under static conditions,the composite degradation coefficients of CODCr and TOC in river water were both 0.127d^-1 with a low contribution from physical sedimentation.Particulate phosphorus was mainly biodegradable,and its biodegradation coefficients under static and dynamic conditions were 0.402d^-1 and 0.384d^-1,respectively.The degradation of nitrogen nutrients was dominated by nitrification with localised weak denitrification.The nitrification process could be divided into slow and fast phases,whilst their coefficients in dynamic degradation were 0.035d^-1 and 0.79d^-1,respectively.

关 键 词：城市河流 污染物 综合降解系数 生物降解 硝化反应 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]