不同灌水量对核桃苗木叶绿素荧光日变化的影响  

Effects of different irrigation amounts on the diurnal fluctuation of chlorophyll fluorescence in walnut seedling

作　　者：詹瑾[1] 种培芳[1] 李毅[1] 谢惠敏 张玉洁 周鹏飞 ZHAN Jin;CHONG Pei-fang;LI Yi;XIE Hui-min;ZHANG Yu-jie;ZHOU Peng-fei(College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Longnan Economic Forest Research Institute,Longnan 746000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]陇南市经济林研究院,甘肃陇南746000

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2019年第6期108-116,共9页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：秦巴山区核桃产业发展关键技术集成与示范(2015GA860002)

摘　　要：【目的】为揭示核桃(Juglans regia)响应降雨变化时的叶绿素荧光特性,为核桃生产中合理栽植及水分管理提供理论参考.【方法】通过人工控制灌水量(-50%,-25%,CK,+25%,+50%),采用盆栽苗木法和PAM-2100荧光仪测定‘香玲’‘清香’和‘辽核1号’在不同水分条件下叶绿素荧光指标.【结果】3种核桃苗木中叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总大体是随着灌水量的增加而增加,并且在各水分下的含量均是‘辽核1号’>‘清香’>‘香玲’.‘香玲’在灌水量为+50%时,其叶绿素各含量比灌水量为+25%时的降幅依次为14.17%、8.35%和12.93%.3种苗木的叶绿素含量、F m、F v/F m、Yield、qP和ETR均随着灌水量的递增而递增,F o和qN随灌水量递增而降低.即其荧光日变化存在光抑制,而热耗散和光呼吸是两种重要的光保护机制.F v/F m、Yield和ETR在‘清香’及‘辽核1号’中的值大于‘香玲’,这说明低光强下‘清香’及‘辽核1号’具有较高的叶片光合速率;【结论】3种苗木在不同水分条件下通过调控叶绿素荧光参数实现自我保护,在未来核桃生产中,避免在水分较湿润地区种植香玲,而‘清香’及‘辽核1号’具有较高光合作用优势,可以广泛栽植.【Objective】The response of the fluorescence characteristics of walnut(Juglans regia)to rainfall changes was studied in order to provide a theoretical reference for rational planting and water management in walnut production.【Method】Under the controlled irrigation amounts(-50%,-25%,CK,+25%,+50%),the chlorophyll fluorescence indexes of 3 walnut cultivars(Xiangling,Qingxiang and Liaohe No.1)seedling grown in pot were measured by using PAM-2100 fluorescence meter.【Result】The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll increased with the increase of irrigation amount,and the order was Liaohe No.1>Qingxiang>Xiangling.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll of Xiangling decreased by 14.17%,8.35%and 12.93%respectively in+50%treatment compared to+25%treatment.The chlorophyll content,F m,F v/F m,Yield,qP and ETR increased with the increase of irrigation amount,but F o and qN decreased.There were photoinhibition phenomena in the diurnal variation of fluorescence of 3 cultivars,and heat dissipation and photorespiration were two important photoprotective mechanisms.The values of F v/F m,Yield and ETR in Qingxiang and Liaohe No.1 were larger than those of Xiangling,which indicated that Qingxiang and Liaohe No.1 had higher leaf photosynthetic rate under low light intensity.【Conclusion】The self-protection was achieved by regulating chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under different irrigation conditions.This suggested that Xiangling should not be grown in humid areas,while Qingxiang and Liaohe No.1 could be widely grown due to the higher photosynthesis ability.

关 键 词：降雨变化 核桃 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]