厌氧氨氧化工艺在高氨氮废水处理的研究应用进展  

Research and Application Progress of Anammox Process in High Ammonia-nitrogen Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：钱允致 马华继 苑宏英 池勇志 丁艳梅 田素凤 QIAN Yunzhi;MA Huaji;YUAN Hongying;CHI Yongzhi;DING Yanmei;TIAN Sufeng(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Tianjin Chengjian University,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津城建大学环境与市政工程学院天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室

出　　处：《水处理技术》2019年第12期7-12,共6页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：天津市企业科技特派员项目（18JCTPJC60800）;天津市高等学校科技发展基金计划项目（20140518）;天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室开放基金（TJKLASTPT201701）

摘　　要：厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)具有节省曝气、剩余污泥产量小和无需外加碳源等优点,是极具发展前景的高氨氮废水处理工艺。但厌氧氨氧化菌世代周期长、低细胞产率、随出水流失以及一体式部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化系统中氨氧化细菌和厌氧氨氧化菌耦合难点阻碍了其推广应用。本文综述了高氨氮废水处理中厌氧氨氧化反应器构建及其启动、厌氧氨氧化菌富集和活性强化。认为需进一步探讨和研究的内容有:系统中厌氧氨氧化菌生物量停留时间的增强;新型填料的开发;生物膜系统中亚硝酸盐氧化细菌的有效清除;高氨氮废水的预处理;厌氧氨氧化的低温启动运行。With the advantages of largely-reduced aeration, less sludge production and little external carbon source demand, anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox) has become the most promising process for high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater treatment. However, the long generation cycle,low cell yield, washout by effluent of anammox bacteria and the coupling difficulties of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria in the one-stage partial nitritation-anammox system has brought great difficulties to the practical application of anammox process. This paper reviewed the establishment and start-up of anammox bio-reactor, anammox bacteria enrichment, and anammox process performance enhancement. Finally, some contents need to be further discussed and researched, such as the enhancement of biomass retention time of anammox bacteria in the system;development of new fillers;efficient removal for nitrite oxidizing bacteria in biofilm system;pretreatment of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater;start-up and operation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation at low temperature.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 高氨氮废水 厌氧氨氧化菌富集 工艺性能强化 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]