大宽厚比大尺寸空心铝型材的模具优化设计  

Optimization die design for large size hollow aluminum profiles with large width-thickness ratio

作　　者：张德军[1] 林春梅[1] 曲庆文 吕正风 ZHANG De-jun;LIN Chun-mei;QU Qing-wen;LV Zhengfeng(College of Engineering,Yantai Nanshan University,Yantai 265713,China;Shandong Nanshan Aluminum Co.,Ltd,Yantai 265713,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台南山学院工学院,山东烟台265713 [2]山东南山铝业股份有限公司,山东烟台265713

出　　处：《轻合金加工技术》2019年第12期33-40,共8页Light Alloy Fabrication Technology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2017PEM005)

摘　　要：大宽厚比大尺寸空心铝型材模具结构复杂,针对传统单纯依赖设计者的经验的模具设计方法周期长成本高的问题,提出采用任意拉格朗日欧拉算法的HyperXtrude软件对一种大宽厚比大尺寸空心铝型材初始模具的挤压过程进行了数值模拟,通过型材模具出口速度场和变形场的分析,提出了采用调整导流孔、增设阻流坎、开设引流槽的方法对金属的流动情况进行粗调,然后通过调整工作带长度的方法对金属流速进行细调的模具优化方法,使金属在模具内的流动更加均匀顺畅,型材的截面出口速度更加均匀,变形量显著减小。对比了模具优化前后的型材出口的温度场和应力场,发现优化后型材出口温度和应力有所减小,且分布更加均匀。按照仿真模具和工艺参数在90 MN挤压机上进行验证,结果基本和仿真效果一致,型材的质量符合要求。The die structure of the hollow aluminum profile with large width-thickness ratio is complex and the traditional die design method which only relies on the experience of the designer is long in cycle and high in cost. Aiming at this problem, the optimization die design is put forward. In the new method,the extrusion process of the initial die of hollow aluminum profile with large aspect ratio was simulated numerically by HyperXtrude software with arbitrary Lagrangian-Euler(LE) algorithm. Based on the analysis of velocity field and deformation field at the exit of profile die, the methods of adjusting the orifice, setting up the baffle and opening the drainage groove are proposed to rough adjust the metal flow. The metal velocity is fine-tuned by adjusting the length of the working belt. In this way,the flow of metal in the die is more uniform, the exit velocity of profile section is more uniform, and the deformation is reduced significantly. By comparing the temperature field and stress field before and after die optimization, it is found that the temperature and stress at the profile exit decrease somewhat and are more evenly distributed after die optimization. The simulation die and process parameters were verified on the 90 MN extruder, the results were basically consistent with the simulation effect, and the quality of the profile were in line with the requirements.

关 键 词：大宽厚比 大尺寸 空心铝型材 模具 优化设计 

分 类 号：TG375.41[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]