尾部减阻装置对厢式货车尾部流场的影响  

Effect of the rear-based drag-reducing device on the flow field at the rear of the truck

作　　者：许建民 范健明 XU Jian-min;FAN Jian-ming(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Xiamen University of Technology,Xiamen 361024;Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D of Coach and Special Vehicle,Xiamen 361024)

机构地区：[1]厦门理工学院机械与汽车工程学院,福建厦门361024 [2]福建省客车及特种车辆研发协同创新中心,福建厦门361024

出　　处：《机械设计》2019年第11期56-64,共9页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：福建省科技创新平台资助项目（2016H2003）;福建省中青年教师教育科研资助项目（科技）（JT180445）;厦门理工学院高层次人才资助项目（YKJ16029R）

摘　　要：为了降低某厢式货车的气动阻力,基于气动减阻机理设计了9种新型的尾部气动减阻装置。采用数值模拟的方法研究了尾部气动减阻装置对厢式货车尾部流场的影响,对比分析了安装9种尾部减阻装置的厢式货车的气动阻力系教、速度分布、压力分布及湍动能分布等流场特性,并对两种较好减阻装置的结构参数进行优化。研究结果表明:安装9种尾部减阻装置后整车气动阻力系数均有降低,降幅最大为7.96%,获得了较好的减阻效果。尾部减阻装置主要是通过减弱尾部涡流,增大尾部气压,从而来降低压差阻力。In order to reduce the aerodynamic drag of the truck,nine types of aerodynamic drag-reducing devices located at the rear of the truck are designed based on the aerodynamic drag-reducing mechanism.The numerical simulation method is adopted to explore the effect of the rear-based aerodynamic drag-reducing device on the flow field at the rear of the truck;the flow-field characteristics such as aerodynamic drag coefficient,velocity distribution,pressure distribution,and turbulent kinetic energy distribution of the truck equipped with the nine types of drag-reducing devices are compared and analyzed;the structural parameters of two types of drag-reducing devices with good drag-reducing effect are optimized.The results show that the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the truck is reduced after the nine types of drag-reducing devices are installed at the rear of the truck,and the aerodynamic drag coefficient is reduced by 7.96%to the maximum extent,which ensures a good drag-reducting effect.The drag-reducing devices at the rear of the truck are mainly used to weaken the rear vortex and increase the rear pressure,so as to reduce the pressure resistance.

关 键 词：厢式货车 尾部减阻装置 流场特性 气动阻力系数 

分 类 号：U461.I[机械工程—车辆工程]