中国高技术产业技术创新效率研究  

A study of the technology innovation efficiency of Chinese high-technology industry

作　　者：李作志 苏敬勤[1] 刘小燕 Li Zuozhi;Su Jingqin;Liu Xiaoyan(Faculty of Management and Econom ics,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China;Management School,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学管理与经济学部,辽宁大连116024 [2]天津工业大学管理学院,天津300387

出　　处：《科研管理》2019年第12期31-41,共11页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点课题:“新技术环境下的组织创新研究”(项目批准号:71632004);天津市哲学社会科学规划研究项目:“碳源环境下天津滨海新区低碳承载力分析与补偿机制研究”(TJGL13-018)

摘　　要：高技术产业的技术创新效率是一个国家、区域和产业科技研发实力与经济竞争力的重要体现。随着高技术产业的蓬勃发展,技术创新效率在提升高技术产业的国际竞争力方面占据越来越重要的位置。分解技术创新效率的方法也需要从以往单系统的“黑箱”结构向多系统“灰箱”结构转变。本文提出了权重加和模型和乘积模型的三阶段网络结构模型,该模型的多变量的改进算法替代单变量算法一定程度解决了各子阶段优先级不同导致的整体效率最优解不唯一的问题。另外,学者往往单独考虑权重加和法或乘积法,而忽略了测算模型的系统误差,模型中同时运用权重加和法与乘积法两种方法探索了模型测算结果的误差效应。利用这两种模型评估我国高技术产业多系统技术创新效率;同时考虑具有共享投入与自由中间产出的R&D投入资源分配方式,对两种模型的实证结果进行对比分析。分析结果表明:权重加和模型有放大效率的风险,会导致效率值失真;相对于权重加和模型来说,乘积模型更适用于多系统的效率求解。此外,资源合理分配相对于不考虑生产系统内部R&D投入资源合理分配来说,在一定程度上能够增大整体效率。因此,在提高生产系统整体效率方面,合理分配R&D投入资源比一味加大R&D投入更有效。The R&D efficiency of high-tech industry is an important indicator of a country, region and industry’s technological innovation capability and economic competitiveness. With the rapid development of high-tech industry, the efficiency of technological innovation is playing a more important position in promoting the international competitiveness of high-tech industries. The evaluation criteria and requirements of technological innovation of high-tech industry or enterprises are significantly higher than general industrial enterprises. The technological innovation needs high calibre of personnel, long research and development cycle, and high complexity of innovation system structure. These complex factors increase the difficulty of R&D efficiency measurement in high-tech industries or enterprises. The method of decomposing the efficiency of technological innovation needs to change from the "black box" structure of the previous single system to the multi-system "grey box" structure.At present, measuring the efficiency of technological innovation in high-tech industry mainly run up against the following problems. First of all, the traditional measuring method of the technological innovation efficiency basically treats the production system as a "black box", which means considering the external input resources and output results, nevertheless ignoring the resource utilization in the process of technological innovation in the production system. It is impossible to accurately understand the utilization rate of input resources and the stage effectiveness of output results in the innovation process. On the one hand, although leading to increasing R&D input resources, but still unable to effectively improve the efficiency of production system technology innovation;on the other hand, it will lead to the final being enlarged output results of the technology innovation effectiveness. For example, when measuring the efficiency of technological innovation, the system is regarded as a "black box", that is, a single system struc

关 键 词：高技术产业研发效率 网络结构DEA 共享投入 自由中间产出 

分 类 号：F121.3[经济管理—世界经济] F224