小尺度区域生态补偿标准的理论模型设计及测度  

Model and measurement of payment for ecosystem services at small scale

作　　者：丁振民 姚顺波[1,2] DING Zhenmin;YAO Shunbo(Center for Resource Economics and Environmental Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of Economic Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源经济与环境管理研究中心,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《资源科学》2019年第12期2182-2192,共11页Resources Science

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目（201504424）;国家自然科学基金项目（71773091）;教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地基金项目（14JJD790031）

摘　　要：本文以环境正义理论为基础通过构建土地利用转移几率比与生态系统服务价值之间的函数关系,以解决小尺度下社会经济统计数据缺失无法进行生态补偿测算的问题。研究结果表明:①本文设计的区域生态补偿理论模型可以有效地解决小尺度下社会经济数据缺失导致区域生态补偿无法进行测算的问题;并且该模型划分的湖北省生态补偿区与生态受偿区分别与重点开发区、重点生态功能区的空间格局保持一致,验证了小尺度下区域生态补偿理论模型的可靠性。②湖北省整体生态环境水平存在恶化的趋势。2000-2015年湖北省生态补偿乡镇数量和总金额整体呈现上升的趋势,而生态受偿乡镇数量和总金额整体呈现下降的趋势。2015年湖北省乡镇生态补偿总额为17.25亿元,生态受偿总金额为29.54亿元,相比2000年分别增长了19.96%、-6.99%;另外,生态补偿与生态受偿空间格局基本保持不变,但局部地区略有变动。本文设计的生态补偿理论模型可以为小尺度下空间生态失衡提供解决思路与方案。Based on the theory of environmental justice,this study examined the relationship between the odds ratio of land use transition and ecosystem service value to solve the problem of lack of socioeconomic statistics at a small scale.The results show that:(1)the theoretical model of payment for ecosystem services designed in this study can effectively solve the problem of lack of socioeconomic statistics at a small scale and determine the paying areas and receiving areas of payment for ecosystem services which are consistent with most parts of the key development areas and key ecological function areas in Hubei Province respectively.It verifies the reliability of model designed in this paper.(2)Ecological environment level is descending on the whole in the Hubei Province.The number of towns and total amount of payment for ecosystem services in Hubei Province showed an overall upward trend,while receiving towns’are reverse.The total amount of payment for ecosystem services and reception of ecological compensation are RMB 1.725 billion yuan and 2.954 billion yuan,respectively,in Hubei Province in 2015.In addition,the spatial pattern of paying areas and receiving areas of payment for ecosystem services basically remains unchanged,but there are a little of changes in local areas.The theoretical model of payment for ecosystem services designed in this paper can provide a solution to the spatial ecological imbalance at small scale.

关 键 词：生态补偿 环境正义 生态系统服务价值 理论模型 小尺度 湖北省 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]