农业劳动力老龄化对土地规模经营的影响  

Influence of aging of agricultural labor force on large-scale management of land

作　　者：韩家彬[1] 刘淑云[1] 张书凤 刘玉丰[1] HAN Jiabin;LIU Shuyun;ZHANG Shufeng;LIU Yufeng(School of Business Administration,Liaoning Technical University,Huludao 125105,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学工商管理学院

出　　处：《资源科学》2019年第12期2284-2295,共12页Resources Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目（18BJL032）

摘　　要：农业劳动力老龄化减少了农业劳动供给,提高了农业劳动力成本,改变了农户农业生产中投入土地和劳动的比例,深刻影响了农户土地规模经营。为了揭示劳动力老龄化对土地规模经营的影响机制,本文利用2016年中国农村固定观察点农户调查数据,建立以土地流转为中介变量的中介效应模型,系统评估了农业劳动力老龄化对土地规模经营的影响。研究结果表明:①农业劳动力老龄化促进青壮年农户开展土地规模经营,即农业劳动力老龄化越严重的地区,农户土地规模经营发展越快。②农业劳动力老龄化推动老龄农户的土地转出和农村土地流转市场发展;农村土地流转市场的发展为青壮年农户土地规模经营创造了条件。③农业劳动力老龄化对不同种植类型和地区的农户土地规模经营的影响具有差异性。政府应从扶植农村土地流转市场建设、深化土地制度改革、完善土地规模经营补贴等方面出台政策,以配合规模经营农户的土地投资行为。The aging of agricultural labor force reduces the effective supply of agricultural labor,promotes land transfer,changes the proportion of land and labor invested by farming households in agricultural production,and profoundly affects the large-scale management of farming households’land.To reveal the mechanism of aging of agricultural labor force on land scale management,this study used the data from fixed observation points in rural areas in 2016 to establish an intermediary effect model with land transfer as the intermediary variable,and systematically assess the impact of aging of agricultural labor force on land scale management.The empirical examination found that:(1)The aging of agricultural labor force promotes farmers’large-scale land management,that is,the more serious the aging of agricultural labor force is,the faster the large-scale land management of farmers will develop.(2)The aging of agricultural labor force promotes the development of the land transfer market and rural land transfer market of the elderly farmers;the development of rural land circulation market has created conditions for the large-scale land management of young and middle-aged farmers.(3)The aging of agricultural labor force has different effects on the scale management of farmland under different planting types and in different regions.The government should promote the construction of rural land circulation market,deepen the reform of land system and institutions,and optimize the subsidy of land scale operation,and so on,so as to coordinate the land investment behavior of farmers with scale operation.

关 键 词：农业劳动力 老龄化 土地流转 土地规模经营 中介效应 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]