街区制发展历程中的街区形态演变与街区适宜尺度探讨  

The Evolution of Block Patterns and the Discussion on the Appropriate Scale of Block in the Development Course of Block System

作　　者：方彬 葛幼松[1] FANG Bin;GE Yousong

机构地区：[1]南京大学建筑与城市规划学院,江苏南京210093 [2]杭州市余杭区住房和城乡建设局,浙江杭州311100

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2019年第11期34-40,共7页Urban Development Studies

摘　　要：2016年的中央城市工作会议首次将“推广街区制”提上工作议程,以期能够缓解城市交通日益拥堵的现状。为指导制定相关政策并使之能够契合我国国情,首先对国内外街区形态的演变历程进行了梳理和对比,发现国内外街区形态演变都表现为螺旋式的前进历程,“开放式、小街区、密路网”是当下最受认可的城市建设形态,但我国城市中目前仍普遍存在“单位大院”和“封闭小区”两种形式的大街区;然后结合国际上的街区尺度经验值,对比我国的街区尺度的现状,探讨了街区尺度的适宜区间;最后,指出我国街区制的推广应以“开放式、小街区、密路网”为标准,在参照国外适宜街区尺度区间的基础上,因地制宜地对现有的大街区进行改造。The 2016 Central City Work Conference put the"popularizing block system"on the work agenda for the first time,to alleviate the current situation of urban traffic jams.In order to guide the formulation of relevant policies and make it compatible with China's national cond让io ns,this paper firstly combs and contrasts the evolution of domestic and foreign block patterns,and finds that the evolution of the block patterns at home and abroad is both spiral progress."Opening,small-sized block,dense road'*network is the most recognized pattern of urban construction at present,but there are still two types of big-sized blocks in the cities of China,such as"unit compound"and"closed community".Next,this paper compares the current situation of the block scale in China with the international empirical value of street scale,the suitable interval of the block scale is discussed.Finally,it is pointed out that the popularizing of the block system should be based on*'opening,small-sized block,dense road network".Renovating the existing big street area should be according to local conditions and based on the appropriate block scale interval of the references abroad.

关 键 词：交通拥堵 街区制 发展历程 街区形态 街区尺度 

分 类 号：U412.37[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]