供需平衡视角下城市公园绿地服务水平与公平性评价研究——基于大数据的实证分析  

Equity Evaluation of Park Green Space Service Level from the Perspective of Supply and Demand Balance: An Empirical Analysis based on big Data

作　　者：木皓可 高宇 王子尧[1] 张云路[1] MU Haoke;GAO Yu;WANG ZiYao;ZHANG Yunlu

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2019年第11期I0010-I0015,共6页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“基于搬迁移民场所依恋的新型农村社区公共空间优化研究：以北京案例实证”(51908034);北京林业大学建设世界一流学科和特色发展引导专项资金资助“北京与京津冀区域城乡人居生态环境营造”(2019XKJS0316);北京林业大学热点追踪项目“基于弹性特征的雄安新区村镇景观空间布局研究——以雄县北沙口乡为例”(2017BLRD01)

摘　　要：随着市民对于城市绿色开放空间品质的诉求逐渐增强,通过量化评估公园建设后使用状况和服务水平来科学指导提升公园设计质量和优化城市公园绿地布局,这对于提升公园满意度和市民幸福感,提升城市绿色空间规划至关重要。大数据作为众源地理数据的典型代表,具有数据量大、时效性高、信息丰富等优势,能够弥补传统规划设计过于主观判断的不足,成为量化城市空间、研究人群活动有利的工具。以石家庄市中心城区为例,引入大数据作为量化评估的工具,首先利用新浪微博签到数据量化评估各个公园绿地的使用状况,以此来量化公园建设后现状的使用状况与供给能力,再依托城市内的POI数据反映出城市内人群对于公园的需求程度。最后,从供需平衡的视角,利用区位熵的方法评价石家庄中心城区公园绿地服务水平公平性。本研究通过创建一套基于公园使用状况的城市公园绿地布局公平性的评价指标,以期为城市公园绿地系统规划评价和调整优化提供一定的科学依据。As citizens'demands for the quality of urban green open space are gradually enhanced,it is necessary to scientifically guide the improvement of park design quality and optimize the layout of park green space by quantitatively assessing the use status and service level of park construction,which is crucial to improving park satisfaction and public happiness,important.As a typical representative of public data,it has the advantages of large amount of data,high timeliness and rich information.It can make up for the lack of subjective judgment of traditional planning and design,and become a useful tool for quantifying urban space and researching crowd activities.Taking the downtown area of Shijiazhuang as an example,this paper introduces big data as a tool for quantitative evaluation.Firstly,using SinaWeibo to check the data to assess the use status of each park green space,so as to quantify the status and supply capacity of the park after construction.The POI data in the city reflects the degree of demand for parks in the city.Finally,from the perspective of supply and demand balance,the location entropy method is used to evaluate the fairness of park green space service level in Shijiazhuang central city.This study provides a scientific basis for the planning,evaluation and adjustment of urban park green space system by creating a set of evaluation indicators for the fairness of urban park green space layout based on the use of the park.

关 键 词：公平性 公园服务水平 公园绿地 供需平衡 大数据 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]