专长研究:公众参与设限与信任关系重建  

Studies of expertise: Restriction on public participation and reconstruction of trust relationship

作　　者：陈强强 CHEN Qiang-qiang(School of Marxism,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《科学学研究》2019年第12期2123-2129,共7页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：西藏民族大学引进人才科研启动项目:专长规范理论及其实践意义研究

摘　　要：柯林斯和埃文斯的专长研究为技术决策中延伸问题的解决开辟了新路径。具体而言,通过区分两类专长的本质差异来为科学专家与公众划界,并论证了技术决策中公众参与无限延伸的非合理性及互动专家如何在公众参与科学的"技术阶段"发挥"帮助"作用;此外,仅就理论方面来看,专长研究相关成就的阐发有利于缓和科学家与人文社会学者之间的矛盾,也能在公众理解科学方面产生积极效应。这启示我们有必要深入发掘专长研究的成果,将它们运用于公众对科学与科学家的理解和科学家和人文社会学者之间信任关系的重建。Collins and Evans’ studies of expertise open up a new way to solve the problem of extension in technical decision-making. To be specific, it demarcates the scientific experts and the public by distinguishing the essential differences of the two kinds of expertise, and demonstrates the irrationality of the unlimited extension of public participation in technical decision-making and how interactive experts play a ‘helping’ role in the ‘technical phase’ of public participation in science. In addition, the elucidation of achievements related to studies of expertise can help ease the contradiction between scientific experts and the humanities and social scholars, It can also have a positive effect on the public understanding of science and its experts. This reveals that it is necessary for us to explore in depth the results of studies of expertise, they are applied to the reconstruction of public trust in science and scientists and trust between scientists and humanities sociologists.

关 键 词：专长 专家 公众参与科学 信任 限制 

分 类 号：G315[文化科学]