921名放射工作人员个人年有效剂量与外周血淋巴细胞微核率关系分析  

Analysis of individual annual efficient dose and micronucleus results in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 921 radiation workers

作　　者：李杰 韩林 王平 田崇斌 吕玉民 LI Jie;HAN Lin;WANG Ping;TIAN Chongbin;LV Yumin(Henan Institute of Occupational Medicine,Zhengzhou 450052 China)

机构地区：[1]河南省职业病防治研究院

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2019年第5期487-490,共4页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：目的探讨放射工作人员个人受照剂量与其外周血淋巴细胞微核的关系。方法纳入本研究的放射工作人员921例,按工种分为放射诊断(n=481)、放射治疗(n=153)、核医学(n=83)、介入放射学(n=90)和工业探伤(n=114)5组,采用微量全血培养法进行微核检测。结果统计学分析显示5组放射工作人员间人均年有效剂量比较,差异有统计学意义(F=33.809,P<0.05),其中介入放射学组、核医学组均高于放射诊断、放射治疗组和工业探伤组(P<0.05),而且介入放射学组的微核率明显高于放射诊断、放射治疗组(P<0.05),但微核率与个人年有效剂量间未见明显量效关系(P>0.05);不同体检类别间微核率比较,岗前组与岗中组的差异有统计学意义(χ~2=168.526,P<0.05),随着年龄的增加,岗中组微核率有增加趋势(P<0.05)。结论放射工作人员仍存在低剂量电离辐射诱发的遗传损伤,应进一步加强对介入和核医学工作人员的防护,降低辐射损伤。Objective To explore the relationship between individual exposure dose and micro-nucleus of peripheral blood lymphocytes and provide basis for radiation protection of radiation workers.Method 921 radiation workers were included in this study and were divided into five groups according the type of work[including radiodiagnosis(n=481), radiotherapy(n=153),nuclear medicine(n=83), interventional radiology(n=90)and Industrial flaw detection(n=114).]And micro-nucleus test was used by whole blood of tiny culture method.Results According to the statistical analysis, there was significant difference in the annual average effective dose among the five groups(F=33.809,P<0.05),and it was significant higher in nuclear medicine group and interventional radiology group than that in radiodiagnosis group,radiotherapy group and Industrial flaw detection group(P<0.05);Meanwhile,the micronucleus rate of the interventional radiology group was significantly higher than that of radiodiagnosis group and radiotherapy group(P<0.05).But there was no significant dose-effect relationship between micronucleus rate and individual annual effective dose(P>0.05).Comparison of microuncleus rates among different physical examination categories showed statistically significant differences between pre-job and on-job groups(χ~2=168.526,P<0.05).With the increase of age,the micronucleus rate in on-job group tended to rise roughly(P<0.05).Conclusion The genetic damage induced by low dose ionizing radiation still exists in radiation workers. Effective protective measures of interventional and nuclear medical workers should be strengthened to reduce radiation damage.

关 键 词：放射工作人员 个人剂量 微核 

分 类 号：Q345[生物学—遗传学]