面向核废料处理和环境去污的99TcO4-分离进展  

Separation of 99TcO4- for nuclear waste management and environment remediation

作　　者：梅雷[1] 柴之芳[1,2] 石伟群 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院高能物理研究所核能化学实验室,北京100049 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所先进能源材料实验室,宁波315201

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2019年第6期592-600,共9页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（项目批准号：21671191,21790373）;科学挑战项目（TZ2016004）的资助

摘　　要：锝-99(Tc-99)是核废料和高放射性废物中污染问题最大的放射性核素之一,其在核废料处理和环境去污领域具有重要的研究意义。本文对目前用于99TcO4-分离的方法及其最新研究进展进行了概述和总结,并结合自身研究成果提出了一类全新的固相超分子识别分离理念,即通过在柔性分子骨架中引入99TcO4-阴离子的特异性识别位点,实现交换后进入晶格中的TcO4-可以被其识别位点高效识别和捕获。文中也对各种分离方法进行了比较和分析,并对未来99TcO4-分离领域发展过程中亟待解决的问题进行了展望。Tc-99 is one of the most problematic radionuclides in nuclear waste and high-level radioactive waste,and it is of great significance in the field of nuclear waste treatment and environmental decontamination.This review summarizes the current methods and latest research progress for 99TcO4-separation,and proposes a new class of solid-phase supramolecular recognition and separation concepts for99TcO4-separation based on its own research results.In this strategy,specific recognition sites for 99TcO4-are introduced into the flexible molecular skeleton,and 99TcO4-entering the crystal lattice after exchange can be efficiently recognized and captured by the specific anion recognition sites.The paper also compares and analyzes various separation methods,and put forward several issues to be solved in the future development of 99TcO4-separation field.

关 键 词：高铸酸根分离 还原固化 沉淀分离 离子交换 超分子识别 

分 类 号：TL9[核科学技术]