6种植物对铜污染土壤的修复作用  

Remediation of Six Plants on Copper-contaminated Soil

作　　者：陈诚 李中宝[1] 邓楠鑫 梅平[1] CHEN Cheng;LI Zhongbao;DENG Nanxin;MEI Ping(College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434023,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学化学与环境工程学院

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2020年第1期68-74,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家“十三五”重大专项(2016ZX05040)

摘　　要：为了筛选出对铜离子污染土壤具有较好修复效果的植物,选取长岭-威远一带非常规油气开发区域的黑麦草、玉米草、苏丹草、狼尾草、紫花苜蓿、白三叶草6种植物作为研究对象,测定这6种植物在不同含量铜离子条件下的发芽率,并开展其在不同铜离子含量土壤条件下的生长性试验,计算土壤中铜离子的去除率。结果表明,黑麦草、玉米草、苏丹草和狼尾草对铜离子的耐受性高于紫花苜蓿和白三叶草;玉米草、狼尾草、苏丹草中的铜离子主要富集在根系,在土壤中铜离子含量为100 mg/kg时,3种植物根系中铜离子含量分别达到了57.25、52.70、47.50 mg/kg;黑麦草中的铜离子主要富集在叶、茎,在土壤中铜离子含量为100 mg/kg时,黑麦草叶、茎中铜离子含量分别达到了23.29、12.12 mg/kg,根中铜离子含量仅仅1.24 mg/kg。当土壤中铜离子含量为25 mg/kg时,黑麦草与苏丹草的铜离子去除率均达到了60%以上,高于狼尾草和玉米草;而当土壤中铜离子含量为50 mg/kg时,苏丹草和玉米草的铜离子去除率均达到了55%以上,高于黑麦草与狼尾草。因此,在长岭-威远一带非常规油气开发区域,在土壤中铜离子含量较高(大于50 mg/kg)时,可选用玉米草作为修复植物;在土壤中铜离子含量低于25 mg/kg时,可选用黑麦草与苏丹草作为修复植物。In order to screen out plants with better remediation effect on copper ion contaminated soil,six plants around the site of unconventional oil and gas fields in Changling-Weiyuan including Lolium perenne,Dracocephalum moldavica,Sorghum sudanense,Pennisetum alopecuroides,Medicago sativa and Trifolium repens were selected as research varieties,and the germination rates of these six plants in different content of copper ion were measured.In addition,the test of growth adaptability of these six plants was conducted in soil with above contents of copper ion.The removal rate of copper ion in soil was calculated.The results demonstrated that,the tolerance to copper ion of Lolium perenne,Dracocephalum moldavica,Sorghum sudanense and Pennisetum alopecuroides was greater than that of Medicago sativa and Trifolium repens.The copper ion mostly concentrated in the root of Dracocephalum moldavica,Pennisetum alopecuroides and Sorghum sudanense,and the content of copper ion in the root reached 57.25,52.70 and 47.50 mg/kg respectively,when the content of copper ion in soil was 100 mg/kg.The copper ion mostly concentrated in leaf and stem of Lolium perenne,and the content of copper ion in leaf and stem reached 23.29 and 12.12 mg/kg respectively,when the content of copper ion in soil was 100 mg/kg,while the content of copper ion in root was only 1.24 mg/kg.The removal rates of Lolium perenne and Sorghum sudanense on copper ion were more than 60%when the content of copper ion in soil was 25 mg/kg,which were higher than that of Pennisetum alopecuroides and Dracocephalum moldavica,however,the removal rates of Pennisetum alopecuroides and Sorghum sudanense on copper ion reached more than 55%when the contents of copper ion in soil were more than 50 mg/kg,which were higher than that of Lolium perenne and Sorghum sudanense.Therefore,Dracocephalum moldavica can be used as restoration plants in unconventional oil and gas fields in Changling-Weiyuan area when the content of copper ion in soil is high(more than 50 mg/kg).Lolium perenne and Sor

关 键 词：铜离子污染土壤 植物修复 黑麦草 玉米草 苏丹草 狼尾草 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]