企业家精神、要素配置效率与制造业出口升级  

Entrepreneurship,factor allocation efficiency and manufacturing export upgrade

作　　者：程锐 马莉莉[2] 张燕[3] 唐旖晨[2] CHENG Rui;MA Lili;ZHANG Yan;TANG Yichen(School of Economics,Xi’an University of Finance and Economics,Xi’an710100,China;School of Economics and Management,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China;School of Urbanand Regional Science,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai200433,China)

机构地区：[1]西安财经大学经济学院,陕西西安710100 [2]西北大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710127 [3]上海财经大学城市与区域科学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2019年第6期89-101,共13页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(16ZAD010);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(16JJD790047)

摘　　要：构建纳入企业家精神的异质性企业理论,利用省际面板数据实证考察企业家精神对中国制造业出口升级的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:第一,在过去十多年的时间里,企业家精神显著促进制造业出口技术复杂度的提高,进而促进了制造业出口升级。在重新测算制造业出口技术复杂度、替换企业家精神指标和替换工具变量指标后,该结论依然稳健。第二,相对于东部地区,企业家精神对中西部地区制造业出口升级的促进作用更为突出。第三,金融危机强化了企业家精神对制造出口升级的促进作用。第四,企业家精神通过降低要素市场扭曲、提高要素配置效率进而促进制造业出口升级。相对于企业家创新精神而言,企业家创业精神所带来的要素配置效率的中介效应更大。从企业家精神的"创造性毁灭"特性和调节要素市场配置效率的效应出发,考察企业家精神对中国制造业出口升级的影响及其作用机制,为实现制造业出口升级寻找新路径,为提高制造业出口国际竞争力提供科学决策支持。This paper constructs a heterogeneous enterprise theory incorporating entrepreneurship,and uses provincial panel data to empirically investigate the influence of entrepreneurship on China’s manufacturing export upgrade and its mechanism.The study shows that:first,over the past decade,entrepreneurship has significantly increased the technical complexity of manufacturing export,thus promoting the manufacturing export upgrade.The conclusion remains robust after remeasurement and calculation of technical complexity of manufacturing export,replacement of entrepreneurship indicators and replacement of instrumental variable indicators;second,compared with the eastern region,entrepreneurship plays a more prominent role in promoting the manufacturing export upgrade in central and western regions;third,the financial crisis strengthens the role of entrepreneurship in promoting the manufacturing export upgrade;fourth,entrepreneurship promotes the manufacturing export upgrade by reducing factor market distortion and improving factor allocation efficiency.Compared with entrepreneur’s innovative spirit,entrepreneur’s innovative spirit brings about a greater mediating effect of factor allocation efficiency.Starting from the characteristic of"creative destruction"of entrepreneurship and the effect of adjusting the efficiency of factor market allocation,this paper investigates the influence of entrepreneurship on the export upgrade of China’s manufacturing industry and its mechanism in order to find a new way to realize the manufacturing export upgrade and provide scientific decision support for improving the international competitiveness of manufacturing export.

关 键 词：企业家精神 要素配置效率 要素市场扭曲 出口技术复杂度 制造业出口升级 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济]