玛曲县天然草原牧草生长盛期植被盖度及变化  

Vegetation Coverage and Change of Grassland During Forage Growth Period in Maqu

作　　者：杨林平 俞慧云 俞联平 娘毛加 陈兴荣 李新媛 李昀 Yang Linping;Yu Huiyun;Yu Lianping;Niang Maojia;Chen Xingrong;Li Xinyuan;Li Yun(Grassland Station of Maqu,Maqu,Gansu 747300,China;Crassland Technical Extension Station of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730010,China)

机构地区：[1]玛曲县草原工作站,甘肃玛曲747300 [2]甘肃省草原技术推广总站,兰州730010

出　　处：《中国草食动物科学》2020年第1期22-26,共5页China Herbivore Science

基　　金：草地可食牧草与放牧家畜季节性营养平衡研究;甘肃省现代草食畜产业技术体系（GARS-CS-4)

摘　　要：作为黄河源区重要的水涵养区和草牧业生产基地,甘肃省玛曲县天然草原对涵养水源、保护黄河源区生态安全、确保当地草地畜牧业生产的健康发展具有十分重要的意义。植被盖度不仅是草原生态评价的一项重要指标,也是草地生产力评价的重要依据。为了解牧草生长期草原植被盖度及动态变化,将遥感与地面调查相结合,选择像元二分模型对牧草生长期玛曲县草地植被盖度及变化进行研究与评价。结果表明:6-8月植被平均盖度7月最高(75.63%),较6月高4.27个百分点,8月较7月低8.54个百分点;植被平均盖度依低地、高寒、山地草甸和高寒草原的顺序升高,均以7月最高(分别为75.63%、75.30%、79.57%和82.09%),8月最低(分别为65.92%、67.16%、67.00%和71.78%);6、7月植被平均盖度以Ⅰ级草地为主,分别占全县草地面积的61.03%和66.95%,其次为Ⅱ级草地,分别占25.21%和29.97%,8月平均盖度以Ⅱ级草地为主,占64.67%,其次为Ⅰ级,占26.96%,相比7月盖度级别较高;6、7月低地、高寒、山地草甸和高寒草原植被盖度均以Ⅰ级盖度草地为主,6月低地、高寒、山地草甸和高寒草原植被Ⅰ级盖度草地分别占45.67%、62.88%、62.95%和77.16%,7月分别占58.72%、66.53%、85.67%和96.03%;8月低地、高寒和山地草甸均以Ⅱ级草地占比最大,分别为78.93%、63.07%和70.89%,而高寒草原Ⅰ级占比达60.34%。分乡镇草地植被盖度变化趋势与全县一致。As an important water conservation area and grassland production base in the source area of the Yellow River,its natural grassland is of great significance to conserve water resources,protect the ecological security of the source area of the Yellow River and ensure the healthy development of local grassland animal husbandry production.Vegetation coverage is not only an important index for grassland ecological evaluation,but also an important basis for grassland productivity evaluation.In order to understand the vegetation coverage and dynamic change of grassland during the growing period of forage,combining remote sensing with ground survey,study and evaluation of grassland vegetation coverage change during forage growth period in Maqu county by using dimidiate pixel model.The result showed that average vegetation coverage was the highest in July(75.63%)from June to August,which was 4.27 percentage points higher than June,and August was 8.54 percentage points lower than July,the average vegetation coverage increased in the order of lowland,alpine,mountain meadow and alpine grassland,the highest was in July(75.63%,75.30%,79.57% and 82.09%),the lowest in August(65.92%,67.16%,67.00% and 71.78%).The average coverage of vegetation from June to July was mainly grade I,accounted for 61.03% and 66.95% respectively,then grade II grassland accounted for 25.21% and 29.97% respectively.The average coverage of grassland in August was mainly grade II which accounted for 64.67%,then grade I which accounted for26.96%,which was higher than that in July.The vegetation coverage of lowland,alpine,mountainous meadow and alpine grassland from June to July was mainly grade I,grade I in June accounted for 45.67%,62.88%,62.95% and 77.16% respectively,and in July accounted for 58.72%,66.53%,85.67% and 96.03% respectively.Grade II accounted for the largest proportion of lowland,alpine and mountain meadows in August,accounted for 78.93%,63.07% and 70.89% respectively,the proportion of grade I in alpine grassland was 60.34%.The change trend

关 键 词：玛曲县 牧草生长期 植被盖度 盖度分级 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]