嵊泗海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃污染水平、分子组成及源识别  

Contamination Level, Composition and Source Appointment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Surface Sediments of Shengsi Sea Area

作　　者：黄宏 魏青青 赵旭 林军 章守宇 宿鹏浩 尹方 HUANG Hong;WEI Qingqing;ZHAO Xu;LIN Jun;ZHANG Shouyu;SU Penghao;YIN Fang(College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;College of Ocean Science and Engineering,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306 [2]上海海事大学海洋科学与工程学院,上海201306

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2020年第1期183-191,共9页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.41807341);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(No.CARS-50)~~

摘　　要：嵊泗海域是舟山渔场的重要组成部分,属于国家海洋特别保护区.为了解嵊泗海域表层沉积物中16种优控PAHs(多环芳烃)的污染特征及潜在风险,于2017年6月采集了嵊泗海域18个站点的表层沉积物样品,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术确定PAHs质量分数及其分子组成,运用特征分子比值法和主成分分析法识别PAHs来源,并采用质量基准法与质量标准法对沉积物中PAHs潜在生态风险进行评价.结果表明:①除了Ace与Act外,其他14种PAHs均被检出.除A1站点外,w(Phe)最高,w(Flra)次之.检出的PAHs以3环和4环为主,占总量的71. 21%,不同环数PAHs占比大小依次为3环> 4环> 5环> 2环> 6环.w(∑14PAHs)范围为46. 38~196. 36 ng/g,平均值为109. 40 ng/g.整体分布上,嵊泗海域表层沉积物中w(∑14PAHs)呈近岸高于远岸的分布特征.②嵊泗海域表层沉积物中PAHs以煤炭、柴油和生物质等燃烧源为主,部分站点同时受到燃烧源与石油源影响.③各站点的w(∑14PAHs)均低于ERL和OEL,表明嵊泗海域潜在生态风险较小.④与国内外其他区域相比,嵊泗海域表层沉积物中w(∑14PAHs)处于较低污染水平,尚不足以对当地渔业生态环境造成负面影响,但作为我国重要"蓝色粮仓",仍应加强其陆源排放监管.The Shengsi Sea Area is one of the most important areas of the Zhoushan fishing ground,it is a national marine special protection area.We investigated the distribution patterns and ecological risks of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the surface sediments of Shengsi Sea Area.A total of 18 surface sediments were collected from Shengsi Sea in June of 2017.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was applied for the PAHs quantitation and their composition analysis.The sources of the PAHs in the collected surface sediments were identified by the specific ratios of isomeric species and the principal component analysis.The potential ecological risks of the target PAHs in the sediments were evaluated based on the quality guideline and the single molecular threshold quality standard.The results showed that:(1)14 PAHs are detected,except acenaphthylene and acenaphthene.In addition to the A1 site,the content of phenanthrene is the highest,followed by fluoranthene.The quantified 14 PAHs were mainly composed of 3 and4 rings,accounting for 72.21%of the total PAH.The percent order of PAHs with different rings shows as follows:3 rings>4 rings>5 rings>2 rings>6 rings.The total content of PAHs ranges fromed 46.38 to 196.36 ng/g and the mean value is 109.40 ng/g.The overall PAHs distribution pattern indicates that the PAHs content in the nearshore areas is higher and the PAHs contents in the offshore areas is lower.(2)Coal,diesel and biomass combustions are the main sources of the PAHs in the collected sediments,only a few sampling sites are affected by combustion and petroleum sources simultaneously.(3)The ecological risk assessments show that the PAH contents in all surface sediments are well below the effects range low(ERL)and the occasional effect(OEL)levels,suggesting their low potential ecological risks in the studied area.(4)Compared with other domestic and foreign regions,the PAHs contents in the surface sediments of the Shengsi Sea are low and the overall PAHs risk level will not cause negative impac

关 键 词：嵊泗海域 表层沉积物 多环芳烃(PAHs) 源解析 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X834[环境科学与工程—环境工程]