典型工业固体废物碳酸化反应性能的比较  

Comparison of the Carbonation Reaction Properties of Typical Industrial Solid Wastes

作　　者：武鸽 刘艳芳[1] 崔龙鹏[1] 李红伟[1] 侯吉礼 王志强[1] WU Ge;LIU Yanfang;CUI Longpeng;LI Hongwei;HOU Jili;WANG Zhiqiang(Research Institute of Petroleum Processing,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2020年第1期169-178,共10页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司项目(417002-4,418020-5)资助

摘　　要：选择4种典型的工业固体废物(固废)——粉煤气化粉煤灰(GFA)、电厂燃烧粉煤灰(CFA)、钢渣(SS)和电石渣(CS),进行捕集封存CO2的碳酸化反应规律对比研究。在相同实验条件下,比较固废CO2封存率(K)与其碱性组分(以CaO为主)的相关性。采用热重(TG)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外(IR)和扫描电子显微镜-能量色散谱(SEM-EDS)等分析表征方法及碳酸化反应机理分析,揭示4种固废的碳酸化反应规律。结果表明,GFA、CFA、SS和CS的CO2封存能力依次增加,平均K值分别为0.45%、1.23%、14.94%、60.70%。不同固废的CO2封存能力不仅与碱性组分含量有关,更与钙基活性物相类型及反应特性密切相关。2种粉煤灰中钙基组分主要以非晶相存在,因没有碳酸化活性,表现出很低的CO2封存能力;而电石渣和钢渣CO2捕集封存能力强,因其碱性组分中含有大量钙基活性物相,以石灰(CaO)和波特兰(Ca(OH)2)为主,其次为硅酸二钙(2CaO·SiO2)和硅酸钙(CaO·SiO2)。因此,进一步研发电石渣和钢渣直接矿化的低成本绿色高效CO2捕集封存技术,实现以废治废,具有广泛应用前景。Four typical industrial solid wastes-coal gasification fly ash(GFA),coal combustion fly ash(CFA),steel slag(SS)and carbide slag(CS)were selected to study the carbonation reaction characteristics of CO2 capture and storage.Under the same experimental conditions,the correlation between the CO2 sequestration ratio(K)of solid waste and its basic component(mainly CaO)was compared.The carbonation reaction rules of four solid wastes were revealed by means of TG,XRD,IR,SEM-EDS and mechanism analysis of carbonation reaction.The results showed that the CO2 sequestration capacity of GFA,CFA,SS and CS increased in turn,and the average K values were 0.45%,1.23%,14.94%,60.70%,respectively.The CO2 sequestration capacity of different solid wastes is not only related to the content of alkaline components,but also to the mineral phase types and reaction characteristics of calcium-based active phases.The calcium-based components in the two kinds of fly ash are mainly amorphous phase,showing a very low CO2 sequestration capacity due to the lack of carbonation activity,while carbide slag and steel slag have strong capacity of CO2 sequestration,because there are a lot of calcium-based active phases in their alkaline components,mainly lime(CaO)and portland(Ca(OH)2),followed by dicalcium silicate(2CaO·SiO2)and calcium silicate(CaO·SiO2).Therefore,further research and development of low-cost,green and efficient CO2 capture and storage technology for direct mineralization of carbide slag and steel slag will have a broad application prospect.

关 键 词：粉煤灰 钢渣 电石渣 碳酸化反应 CO2封存 

分 类 号：TQ172.9[化学工程—水泥工业]