不同生态类型蚯蚓对赤红壤和红壤团聚体分布和稳定性的影响  

Impacts of different ecological types of earthworm on aggregate distribution and stability in typical latosolic red and red soils

作　　者：崔莹莹 吴家龙 张池[1] 周波[3] 任宗玲[1] 戴军[1] CUI Yingying;WU Jialong;ZHANG Chi;ZHOU Bo;REN Zongling;DAI Jun(College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in South China,Ministry of Agriculture P.R.China/Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Land and Resources for Construction Land Transformation/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Land Use and Consolidation,Guangzhou 510642,China;Land Development and Reclamation Center of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510635,China;Tea Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院/农业部耕地保育重点实验室/国土资源部建设用地再开发重点实验室/广东省土地利用与整治重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]广东省土地开发整治中心,广东广州510635 [3]广东省农业科学院茶业科学研究所/广东省茶树资源创新利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2020年第1期83-90,共8页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41601227,41201305);国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFD0201301,2016YFD0201200,2016YFD0800300)

摘　　要：【目的】综合分析华南地区不同生态类型蚯蚓对土壤团聚体分布、团聚体水稳定性以及土壤团聚体破坏率的影响,以期为蚯蚓改善土壤结构提供科学依据和理论支持。【方法】采用室内盆栽培养试验,在华南地区具有代表性的赤红壤和红壤中分别接种生态类型不同的4种蚯蚓:赤子爱胜蚓Eisenia fetida、南美岸蚓Pontoscolex corethrurus、壮伟远盲蚓Amynthas robustus和参状远盲蚓A.aspergillum,研究不同生态类型蚯蚓对土壤结构的影响。【结果】与空白对照相比,南美岸蚓、壮伟远盲蚓和参状远盲蚓的添加均显著增加了2种土壤中的大团聚体(d>2000μm)比例(P<0.05),其中,赤红壤中其分别提升了35.20%、44.81%和37.88%,红壤中其分别提升了14.92%、25.31%和20.18%;与空白对照相比,壮伟远盲蚓的添加均显著降低了赤红壤水稳性大团聚体和水稳性小团聚体(250μm≤d≤2000μm)的比例,却显著提升了赤红壤水稳性微团聚体(d<250μm)的比例(37.84%,P<0.05);4种蚯蚓的添加均显著提升了2种土壤的团聚体破坏率(P<0.05),其中添加参状远盲蚓的2种土壤的团聚体破坏率均最低。主成分分析结果显示:在2种不同的土壤中,不同蚯蚓作用后土壤的团聚体分布和稳定性之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。【结论】华南不同生态类型的蚯蚓对赤红壤和红壤的团聚体分布和稳定性的影响不同;内栖型蚯蚓(南美岸蚓和壮伟远盲蚓)对土壤团聚体的形成和土壤结构的改善效果最好;深栖型蚯蚓(参状远盲蚓)对土壤水稳性团聚体的破坏作用最小。【Objective】To comprehensively analyze the effects of different ecological types of earthworm on soil aggregate distribution,water stability of aggregate and percentage of aggregate disruption(PAD)in South China,and provide scientific basis and theoretical support for utilizing earthworms to improve soil structure.【Method】The laboratory culture experiment was carried out in this study.Eisenia fetida,Pontoscolex corethrurus,Amynthas robustus and A.aspergillum were added in typical latosolic red soil and red soil in South China to study the impacts of different ecological species of earthworm on soil structure.【Result】Compared with the blank control,the addition of P.corethrurus,A.robustus and A.aspergillum significantly promoted the formation of large-aggregates(d>2000μm)in two soil types(P<0.05),The large-aggregate proportion in latosolic red soil increased respectively by 35.20%,44.81%and 37.88%,and increased respectively by 14.92%,25.31%and 20.18%in red soil.A.robustus significantly reduced the contents of water stable large-aggregates(d>2000μm)and small-aggregates(250μm≤d≤2000μm)in latosolic red soil,but significantly increased the proportion of water stable micro-aggregates(d<250μm,P<0.05),which was 37.84%higher than that of the blank control.The addition of four types of earthworms significantly increased PAD values in both two soil types(P<0.05),and the PAD value in adding A.aspergillum treatment was the lowest.The results of principal component analysis showed that there were significant differences in the distributions and stabilities of soil aggregates under the action of different earthworms in two different soils(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The impacts of different earthworm types in South China on latosolic red soil and red soil aggregate distribution and stability are different.The endogenic earthworm(P.corethrurus and A.robustus)has the best impact on the improvement of soil structure.The endo-anecic(A.aspergillum)had the least destructive impact on water stable soil aggregate.

关 键 词：蚯蚓 土壤结构 土壤团聚体 分布 稳定性 团聚体破坏率 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学] S152.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]