一种适用于同步相量测量装置校准器的高精度相量测量方法  

A High Accuracy Phasor Estimation Algorithm for Phasor Measurement Units Calibrator

作　　者：许苏迪 刘灏 毕天姝 钱程 张锋 Xu Sudi;Liu Hao;Bi Tianshu;Qian Cheng;Zhang Feng(State Key Lab of Alternate Electric Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Company,Urumqi 830063,China)

机构地区：[1]新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京102206 [2]新疆省电力有限公司,乌鲁木齐830063

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2020年第2期372-382,共11页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划（2017YFB0902900）;国家自然科学基金项目（51707064、51627811、51725702）;国家电网公司科技项目（5230HQ18000C）资助

摘　　要：对同步相量测量装置(PMU)进行测试和校准是其能否投入运行的关键。而针对PMU不同静态和动态测试,如何提供足够精度的基准相量是亟待突破的难题。该文提出一种适用于PMU校准器的高精度相量测量方法。该方法建立了PMU静态和动态测试通用相量拟合模型;构建拟合残差二次方和最小的最优化模型,提出相量非线性迭代求解方法,并提出相量参数初始值设置方法与边界约束条件,解决相量非线性模型的非凸性所导致的多解问题,提出噪声抑制方法,减小了噪声产生的误差,可为不同静态和动态过程提供基准量测量;进一步地,进行硬件选型,研制了PMU校准器。算法仿真与实验测试两方面的结果表明,该PMU校准器测量精度满足系统静态与动态条件下对校准器的要求,可用于PMU在实验室无高精度信号源条件下的测试与校准。The testing and calibration of phasor measurement units(PMUs)are fundamental for their deployments and operation in power systems.Therefore,how to offer references with enough accuracy for PMU static and dynamic tests is critical.In this paper,a high accuracy phasor estimation algorithm for PMU calibrator is proposed.The universal phasor fitting models are built;the non-linear fitting-based phasor calculation algorithm is proposed according to the built optimization model minimizing the sum of squares of residuals;parameter initial points and bound constraints setting methods are proposed to solve multiple solutions resulting from nonlinear and nonconvex phasor fitting models;white noise restrain methods are presented to further improve the measurement accuracy.Furthermore,the PMU calibrator is developed.The results of both simulation and experimental test show that the accuracy of the PMU calibrator can meet requirements for calibration.The developed PMU calibrator can be used to test PMUs in the laboratory without high accuracy generator.

关 键 词：同步相量测量装置 PMU测试 PMU校准器 相量测量方法 

分 类 号：TM76[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]