2005-2018年贵州省5岁以下儿童其他感染性腹泻流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea under 5 years in Guizhou, 2005-2018

作　　者：胡灿[1] 姚光海[1] 黄艳萍[1] 聂炜[1] 王丹[1] 黄荷[1] HU Can;YAO Guang-hai;HUANG Yan-ping;NIE Wei;WANG Dan;HUANG He(Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang,Guizhou 550004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第1期57-61,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2005-2018年贵州省5岁以下儿童其他感染性腹泻流行病学特征,为制订防治策略、促进监测提供参考。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2005-2018年贵州省5岁以下其他感染性腹泻病例及突发公共卫生事件信息,用描述性流行病学进行分析。结果全省报告病例66148例,年均报告发病率190.17/10万,死亡14例,病死率0.021%,确诊病例占38.42%。除2007年外,季节高峰在每年9-12月;平均发病率最高的市州和县区分别为贵阳市(395.45/10万)、贵阳市观山湖区(2021.16/10万);年龄别发病率最高的是0岁~组(453.74/10万)。病原报告12360例,占18.69%;病毒占98.38%,其中轮状病毒占98.60%;病原由1种增加到14种。14例死亡病例均无病原学报告;231例重症病例中病原报告24例,其中轮状病毒19例,0~岁组占74.03%,贵阳市占36.79%。结论发病率呈逐年上升趋势,病原以病毒为主,病原报告比例偏低,死亡和重症病例病原报告不足。应对重点人群和地区采取针对性措施,加强其他感染性腹泻的日常监测和病原检测工作,规范病例和病原的报告。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and the current situation on infect diarrhea under 5 years in Guizhou from 2005 to 2018,so as to provide a reference for the development of scientific strategies and the monitoring of infectious diseases.Methods All the information about other infectious diarrhea cases under 5 years and the public health emergencies were collected from the"Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention".Descriptive epidemiology analysis was used to analyze the information.Results A total of 66148 cases under 5 years were reported in Guizhou from 2005 to 2018,with the annual incidence rate of 190.17/10~5,in which the confirmed cases accounted for 38.42%.A total of 14 cases were fatal and the fatality was 0.021%.Reported cases showed one peak from September to December except for 2007.In all municipal and county level,the highest incidence rates were Guiyang(395.45/10~5)and Guan Shan-hu District(2021.16/10~5),respectively.The highest incidence rate of age was 0-year group(453.74/10~5).A total of 12360 cases with etiology were reported,accounting for 18.69%.The virus accounted for 98.38%,among which rotavirus accounted for 98.60%.The species of pathogen increased from 1 to 14.All the 14 cases of death were no etiological reporting.There were 24 cases of etiology among the 231 severe cases,among which rotavirus accounted for 19,the group of 0-year old accounted for 74.03%and Guiyang accounted for 36.79%.Conclusion The incidence is increasing year by year.The pathogenic spectrum is mainly virus,and the proportion of definite diagnosis is low.The etiological reporting of death and severe cases are insufficient.Targeted measures should be taken for key groups and regions.The pathogen detection and routing surveillance should be strengthened.The reporting of cases and pathogens should be standardized.

关 键 词：其他感染性腹泻 流行特征 病原学 监测 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]