2009-2018年珠海地区水痘流行与疫苗接种情况分析  

Varicella epidemic and vaccination in Zhuhai, 2009-2018

作　　者：林道建[1] 郑蓥蓥[1] 陈苑利 段彩玲[2] 江丽凤[1] 黄明星[1] LIN Dao-jian;ZHENG Ying-ying;CHEN Yuan-li;DUAN Cai-ling;JIANG Li-feng;HUANG Ming-xing(The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai,Guangdong 519000,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第五医院,广东珠海519000 [2]珠海市疾病预防控制中心,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第1期150-152,159,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2009-2018年珠海市水痘流行趋势以及疫苗接种情况,为本地区调整和完善水痘防控措施提供科学依据。方法对珠海市的水痘流行特征及疫苗接种情况采用描述流行病学的方法进行分析。结果2009-2018年珠海市水痘报告发病率总体呈升高趋势(Z=67.794,P<0.001);在时间分布上呈双峰分布的特点;男女发病率性别比为127.6∶100,在20~30岁之间出现性别比倒置的情况;发病年龄以≤15岁为主,近年来高年龄组发病构成比逐渐升高;近年水痘疫苗第一剂次接种率有所下降。结论水痘疫苗接种率下降引起了近年来水痘发病率的升高,建议将水痘疫苗纳入计划免疫,加强接种,并保证疫苗的正常供应。Objective To analyze the epidemic trend and vaccination situation of varicella in Zhuhai from 2009 to 2018,and to provide a scientific basis for the adjustment and improvement of varicella prevention and control measures in Zhuhai.Methods The epidemiological characteristic and vaccination status of varicella in Zhuhai were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.Results From 2009 to 2018,the reported incidence of varicella in Zhuhai showed an overall upward trend(Z=67.794,P<0.001).The time distribution showed a bimodal distribution.The sex ratio of male to female incidence was 127.6:100,and the sex ratio was inverted at the age of 20 to 30.The age of onset was mainly less than 15 years old,and the proportion of incidence in the higher age group was increasing.The first dose vaccination rate of varicella vaccine declined.Conclusion The decrease in vaccination rate of varicella vaccine has caused the increase in the incidence of varicella in recent years.It is suggested that the vaccination of varicella vaccine should be included in the planned immunization,and the vaccination should be strengthened to ensure the normal supply of vaccines.

关 键 词：水痘 变化趋势 年龄 性别 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]