一战后日本的西原借款善后策与日美博弈  

The Aftermath of Japans Nishihara Loans and Japan-US Game after WWI

作　　者：孙志鹏[1] Sun Zhipeng

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《外国问题研究》2019年第4期25-32,116,共9页FOREIGN HISTORY STUDIES

基　　金：教育部青年基金项目“近代日本学界的中国意象重塑与国策呼应”（编号：15YJC770029）

摘　　要：一战末期,日本对西原借款采取了主动协调与顺势扩张双线并行的善后策,但在美、英的外交压力下,最终不得不采取退守底线之策略。在主动协调层面,修改对华借款方针、变更驻华财务官制度、取消币制借款、中止制铁厂借款、迁延吉黑林矿借款;在顺势扩张层面,默认参战借款、落实林矿借款和电信借款、加快铁路借款正式契约交涉;在退守底线层面,在面对新银行团施压而不能在原则上坚持“满蒙除外”的前提下,让渡淀热、济顺等四条铁路线,但固守“南满”。一战后日本“势力圈外交”之地理构图是:在“北满”主动协调,以“东蒙”、山东、福建为缓冲区,固守“南满”并伺机扩张。揆诸史实,以地理空间的区隔与统合为核心的“势力圈外交”反映了近代日本大陆政策的基本特征。At the end of World War I,Japan adopted a coordinated and expansionary aftermath strategy,but under the diplomatic pressure of the America and Britain,it finally back to the bottom line.In coordination,Japan revised the policy to China,canceled monetary loan and suspended the iron loan;in expansion,it continued to the war loan,promoted the loan of forests and gold mines,accelerated the negotiation of railway loan;on the bottom line,Japan cannot insist on uexcept Manchuria and Mongolia'S surrendered four railways in the pressure of the New Consortium,but firmly adhered to the usouthern Manchuria".The geographical composition of Japan's wsphere of influence diplomacy^^is to coordinate in wnorthern Manchuria'S weastern inner Mongolia",Shandong and Fujian as buffer zones and stick to 44 southern Manchuriaw sphere of influence diplomacy99 is the division and integration of geographical space,reflecting the basic characteristics of modern Japanese mainland policy。

关 键 词：西原借款 原敬 协调 扩张 新银行团 势力圈外交 

分 类 号：K313.45[历史地理—历史学]