制造业绿色创新效率及增长趋势研究  

Research on Green-Innovation Efficiency and Growth Trend of Manufacturing Industry

作　　者：张菲菲[1] 张在旭[1] 马莹莹[1] ZHANG Fei-fei;ZHANG Zai-xu;MA Ying-ying(China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao Shandong 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)

出　　处：《技术经济与管理研究》2020年第2期101-107,共7页Journal of Technical Economics & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（71801223）;青岛社科规划项目（QDSKL1801048）

摘　　要：本文构建了包含工艺和产品两阶段创新的中国制造业绿色创新效率的测算框架,基于中国29个制造业细分行业的面板数据,利用超效率SBM-Undesirable模型和Malmquist-Lunenberger指数,从静态和动态角度分析了绿色创新效率的行业差异及增长趋势。研究发现,我国制造业在2011-2015年绿色创新效率平均值为0.68,平均绿色创新效率增长率为10.45%,重度污染行业的绿色创新效率低于制造业平均值,中度污染行业和轻度污染行业效率相差不大。绿色产品创新效果明显好于绿色工艺创新,半数行业的节能潜力大于50%,制造业节能压力较大。制造业绿色创新效率的增长由技术效率和技术进步共同驱动,出现技术效率下降和技术退步的行业较少,不同污染物排放强度行业平均绿色创新效率都保持增长趋势。并且提出了加大重度污染行业的科研投入力度与创新政策激励,细分行业绿色创新目标,关注绿色产品创新和工艺创新成果转化率等建议。A framework for estimating green innovation efficiency of Chinese manufacturing industry is constructed in the paper,which includes two stages of process and product innovation.Based on the panel data of 29 manufacturing industry segments,the industry differences and growth trend of green innovation efficiency are analyzed from static and dynamic perspectives with the SBM-Undesirable Model and the Malmquist-Lunenberger Productivity Index.The results show that the average green innovation efficiency of China's manufacturing industry is 0.68 and the average growth rate is 10.45%in 2011-2015.The green innovation efficiency of heavy polluting industries is lower than the average value of manufacturing industry,and the efficiency of moderate polluting industries has little difference of light polluting industries.The effect of green product innovation is better than that of green process innovation.The energysaving potential of half of the industries is more than 50%,meaning that the manufacturing industry has the great energy-saving pressure.The growth of green innovation efficiency in manufacturing industry is driven by both technological efficiency and technological progress.There are fewer industries with declining technological efficiency and technological retrogression.The average green innovation efficiency of industries with different pollutant emission intensity maintains a growth trend.In order to improve the efficiency of green innovation in manufacturing industry,the government should increase scientific research investment and innovation policy incentives in heavily polluted industries.Also,subdividing the objectives of green innovation is necessary.The company should pay attention to the conversion rate of green product innovation and technological innovation.All these actions could accelerate the transformation and upgrading of green development in manufacturing industry.

关 键 词：制造业 绿色创新 SBM模型 经济增长 增长趋势 

分 类 号：F204[经济管理—国民经济]