高钙高蛋白日粮对海兰褐蛋鸡肝脏的影响  

Effect of High Calcium and High Protein Diets on the Livers of Hyacinth Laying Hens

作　　者：荣雪路 李曼曼 丁雪东 冯士彬 李玉[1] 王希春[1] 吴金节[1] 李锦春[1] RONG Xuelu;LI Manman;DING Xuedong;FENG Shibin;LI Yu;WANG Xichun;WU Jinjie;LI Jinchun(College of Animal Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学动物科技学院

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第1期48-53,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0501205)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨高钙高蛋白日粮对海兰褐蛋鸡肝脏的影响。【方法】将80只40日龄海兰褐蛋鸡随机均分为4组,1组饲喂基础日粮(对照组),2、3和4组分别饲喂高钙、高蛋白和高钙+高蛋白饲料(试验组)。试验第95天,各组随机取6只鸡采集血清,检测生化指标,随后扑杀,采集肝脏组织检测黄嘌呤氧化酶活性(XOD)、白细胞介素1(IL-1)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α),并将肝脏包埋切片进行HE和油红染色。【结果】各试验组与对照组相比,血清尿酸水平和肝中XOD活性升高;天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高,2、4组的总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白升高;总胆红素、直接胆红素和间接胆红素降低;高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和胆固醇降低,甘油三酯升高;肝中IL-1、IL-6和TNF-α升高,而高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、胆固醇、甘油三酯与对照组相近。显微镜下观察发现:肝内有坏死灶和炎性细胞浸润,肝细胞索排列紊乱,肝细胞空泡变性,少数鸡肝细胞内有脂肪滴。【结论】饲喂高钙和/或高蛋白饲料使鸡肝的结构和功能不同程度受损,高钙+高蛋白组受损更为严重。[Purpose]To investigate the effects of high-calcium and high-protein diets on the livers of Hyacinth brown laying hens.[Method]Eighty 40-day-old Hyland brown laying hens were randomly divided into 4 groups.Group 1 was fed on the basal diet(control),group 2 was fed on high calcium diet,group 3 was fed on high protein diet,and group 4 was fed on high calcium plus high protein diet(experimental groups).On the 95th day of the experiment,6 chickens were randomly selected from each group to collect serum and test biochemical indicators and the livers were embedded and sectioned for HE and oil red staining.Liver tissue was collected for the detection of xanthine oxidase activity(XOD),interleukin-1(IL-1),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha).[Result]Compared with group 1,the chickens in the experimental groups had the following changes:serum uric acid levels and liver XOD activity increased;aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase activity increased;serum total protein,albumin and globulin increased in group 2 and 4;total protein,albumin and globulin increased;the concentrations of total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,and indirect bilirubin,high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol were reduced,triglyceride increased;the concentrations of IL-1,IL-6,and TNF-αin the liver increased.Whereas serum high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and triglycerides were similar to those in the control group.There were necrotic lesions and inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver.The arrangement of hepatic cell cords was disordered,and hepatocyte degeneration occurred.There were fat drops in a few chicken liver cells.[Conclusion]Feeding high-calcium and high-protein diet caused damage to the structure and function of liver in chickens.Among them,the chickens fed on high calcium plus high protein diet had the most serious damage.

关 键 词：高钙 高蛋白 肝脏 尿酸 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]