基于新开发微卫星标记评价番红砗磲两个野生群体的遗传多样性及近缘种通用性检测  

Microsatellite markers based on new development for evalution of the genetic diversity of two wild populations of Tridacna crocea and transferability to related species

作　　者：高红梅 马海涛[2] 喻子牛[2] 张跃环[2] 肖述[2] 黄飘逸 彭建军[1] GAO Hongmei;MA Haitao;YU Ziniu;ZHANG Yuehuan;XIAO Shu;HUANG Piaoyi;PENG Jianjun(College of Life Science,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学生命科学学院,重庆401331 [2]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第2期187-194,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31470570,31872566,31702340);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1406505);重庆市科委自然科学基金(cstc2014jcyjA80013);广州市重点项目(201803020047,201804020073);广东省自然科学基金(2017A030310442)~~

摘　　要：采用磁珠富集和PCR筛选相结合的方法,得到番红砗磲的19个多态性微卫星标记。利用新开发微卫星标记对西沙群岛2个野生群体的遗传多样性进行比较分析,七连屿海域野生群体和永兴岛海域野生群体的平均观测等位基因数(Na)分别为11.105、11.895,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)分别为6.274、6.173,平均期望杂合度(He)分别为0.776、0.788,平均多态性信息含量分别为0.730、0.744,发现2个野生群体的遗传多样性都处于高度多态水平,说明其有效群体大小仍然保持在较高水平。Bonferroni校正后,在2个群体中各有4个位点偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。另外分析了这些引物在近缘种中的通用性情况,发现鳞砗磲中有7对微卫星引物具有通用性,6对具有多态性;无鳞砗磲中有3对微卫星引物具有通用性,1对具有多态性;诺瓦砗磲中有5对微卫星引物具有通用性,5对具有多态性;长砗磲中有9对微卫星引物具有通用性,8对具有多态性;砗蚝中有2对引物具有通用性,2对具有多态性。Using magnetic-bead enrichment and PCR screening method,we obtained 19 pairs of microsatellite primers from Tridacna crocea.Comparison between Qilianyu and Yongxing Island wild populations with these markers shows:the mean allele number and the effective allele number were 11.105,11.895 and 6.274,6.173 respectively;the values of average expected heterozygosity were 0.776 and 0.788;the mean PIC was 0.730 and 0.744;high genetic diversity was maintained in those wild populations.Four loci significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction in each population.In addition,the transferability of all polymorphic short sequence repeats(SSRs)was assessed in five closely-related species.The test resulted in 7 loci amplifying and 6 loci being polymorphic in T.squamos;3 loci amplifying and 1 loci being polymorphic in T.derasa;5 loci amplifying and 5 loci being polymorphic in T.noae;9 loci amplifying and 8 loci being polymorphic in T.maxima;2 loci amplifying and 2 loci being polymorphic in H.hippopus.

关 键 词：番红砗磲 微卫星标记 野生群体 遗传多样性 通用性 西沙群岛 

分 类 号：Q347[生物学—遗传学] S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]