长牡蛎酪氨酸酶基因(CgTyr1)SNP多态性与壳色性状的关联  

Polymorphism in CgTyr1 gene and its association with shell color traits in the Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas)

作　　者：赵博文 李琪[1,2] 王九龙 于红 ZHAO Bowen;LI Qi;WANG Jiulong;YU Hong(Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第2期195-205,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31772843);山东省农业良种工程(2017LZGC009);泰山学者种业计划~~

摘　　要：黑色素是一种广泛存在于动物界的生物色素,而酪氨酸酶被认为是一种重要的调控黑色素合成的关键酶。实验以3种壳色的长牡蛎选育品系为材料,使用PCR-SSCP的方法对长牡蛎酪氨酸酶基因CgTyr1进行SNP分型筛选,将突变位点与不同壳色性状进行关联分析。结果显示,酪氨酸酶基因的外显子上存在23个SNP位点,其中11个SNP位点与壳色性状极显著相关;在这11个S N P位点中,检测到有3个S N P位点为有义突变(c.591C/T、c.632G/A和c.1155T/C),分别导致不同的氨基酸突变(Ala122Val、Gly136Ser和Phe310Ser);利用极显著关联的11个SNP位点,为每种壳色群体建立了1种单倍型,并在验证组中得到了确认。研究表明,长牡蛎酪氨酸酶基因的单个碱基突变和以此构建的单倍型与壳色性状存在显著的关联。本研究筛选出的SNP位点和构建的单倍型为长牡蛎壳色品系选育提供了重要的参考资料。The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is cultured worldwide due to the advantages of rapid growth and good adaptability,and has become one of the most commercially important bivalve species.In our successively selective breeding,three strains of C.gigas with black,white and gold shell color traits have been developed.Tyrosinase(Tyr)is known as one of the most important enzymes in the regulation and production of melanin in animals.In this study,exons in the C.gigas TYR gene(CgTyr1)were sequenced.Mutations of the CgTyr1 gene and its association with shell color were analyzed in the three shell color strains of C.gigas.A total of 23 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)were detected using single-strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP)and sequencing analysis,of which 11 SNP loci had highly significant differences between the three shell-color strains.In the SNP loci with significant difference,mutation c.591C/T,c.632G/A and c.1155T/C are non-synonymous which lead to amino acid changes Ala122Val,Gly136Ser and Phe310Ser.For further analysis,11 SNP loci with a highly significant difference were selected for haplotype construction.One specific haplotype for every shell color strain was constructed and confirmed in the validating group.The mutations and haplotypes that are strongly associated with the shell color phenotypes in this study could be useful in understanding the molecular mechanism of pigmentation,and could also be potentially applied to marker-assisted selection breeding programs for C.gigas.

关 键 词：长牡蛎 壳色 酪氨酸酶基因 SNP 单倍型 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]