条斑紫菜两个耐高温品系的耐低盐特性  

Low-salinity tolerance of two high-temperature resistant strains in Pyropia yezoensis

作　　者：黄林彬[1,2,3] 黄文 严兴洪[1,2,3] HUANG Linbin;HUANG Wen;YAN Xinghong(Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Science and Technology,Shanghai 201306,China;Ningde Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Ningde 352100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,国家海洋生物科学国际联合研究中心,上海201306 [4]宁德海洋环境监测中心站,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第2期222-233,共12页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31302185,31072208);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0900606);浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02055-6);江苏省科技计划(现代农业)(BE2018335)~~

摘　　要：以条斑紫菜两个耐高温品系(YZ-4和TM-18)为对象,以野生型品系(WT)做对照,分析其叶状体在高温、低盐胁迫下的生长和光系统Ⅱ最大光量子产量(Fv/Fm)的数值,为筛选既耐高温又耐低盐的条斑紫菜抗逆品系提供依据。结果显示,在适宜培养条件(温度18°C和盐度26)下,YZ-4和TM-18叶状体在50~85 d的生长速率快于WT,Fv/Fm和主要光合色素含量均高于WT,各品系的绝对生长率和Fv/Fm之间均具有较高的正相关性。另外,WT叶状体在70 d左右开始形成精子囊时,绝对生长率和Fv/Fm明显下降。在高温胁迫下培养,各品系叶状体的Fv/Fm和绝对生长率均呈下降趋势,且胁迫的温度越高或时间越长,其降幅越大。在24°C高温胁迫35 d后,WT、YZ-4和TM-18的Fv/Fm分别下降了56.7%、43.2%和28.7%。在25°C高温胁迫15 d时,WT的生长完全停滞,而YZ-4和TM-18则分别保持0.51和0.84 cm/d的绝对生长率,说明二者确实是耐高温的。低盐胁迫对叶状体的影响与高温胁迫的类似,在盐度为9的低盐下培养35 d后,WT、YZ-4和TM-18的Fv/Fm降幅分别为46.2%、42.0%和32.0%,三者的绝对生长率分别为0.12、0.10和0.90 cm/d。另外,WT和YZ-4在盐度为5时生长受到明显影响,叶状体在15 d时颜色加深、卷曲变硬并腐烂,而TM-18在相同盐度下培养25 d也未腐烂,Fv/Fm仍高达初始值的72.8%。这表明TM-18在高温或低盐胁迫下的耐受性比WT和YZ-4的都强,其内在原因是叶状体Fv/Fm的降幅较小,间接说明Fv/Fm可作为条斑紫菜抗逆品系选育的新指标。The growth and maximum photon quantum yield of photosystem II(Fv/Fm)of the blades of two hightemperature resistant strains(YZ-4 and TM-18)and one wild-type strain(WT,used as control group)in Pyropia yezoensis were analyzed at high-temperatures or low-salinities,in order to screen out strains resistant to the two abiotic stresses.The results showed that YZ-4 and TM-18 blades grew faster than those of WT for 50-85 d under the optimal culture conditions(18°C and salinity of 26).The ratios of Fv/Fm and contents of photosynthetic pigments were also higher than those of WT.The absolute growth rate and Fv/Fm of every strain showed high positive correlations.In addition,WT blades began to form spermatangia around 70 d,their absolute growth rate and Fv/Fm decreased significantly.When cultured at high-temperatures,Fv/Fm and absolute growth rates of the blades of every strain decreased.The higher the temperature or the longer the stress lasted,the greater the decline would be.Fv/Fm of WT,YZ-4 and TM-18 decreased by 56.7%,43.2%and 28.7%,respectively,after 35 d of high-temperature stress at 24°C.The growth of WT was completely stagnated after 15 d of high-temperature stress at 25°C.Meantime,growth rates of YZ-4 and TM-18 were 0.51 and 0.84 cm/d,respectively,indicating that they were veritable high-temperature resistant strains.The effects of low-salinity stress on the blades were similar to those of high-temperature stress.After 35 d of low-salinity stress at salinity of 9,Fv/Fm of WT,YZ-4 and TM-18 decreased by 46.2%,42.0%and 32.0%,respectively.The absolute growth rates of WT,YZ-4 and TM-18 were 0.12,0.10 and 0.90 cm/d,respectively.Besides,growth of the blades of WT and YZ-4 cultured at salinity of 5 was greatly affected,in that the blades were deepened in color,curled and rotted after 15 d under stress,while TM-18 did not rot at the same salinity of 5 for 25 d.These results indicated that TM-18 was more tolerant to high-temperature and low-salinity stress than WT and YZ-4,and the internal reason was that the decrease of

关 键 词：条斑紫菜 叶状体 叶绿素荧光 耐高温 耐低盐 逆境胁迫 

分 类 号：S968.43+1[农业科学—水产养殖]