2000～2017年全球天然铀资源贸易格局演变特征分析  

Analysis of the evolution characteristics of global natural uranium resources trade pattern from 2000 to 2017

作　　者：何鸿[1] 邢万里[2,3] HE Hong;XING Wanli(Hainan Provincial Party School of CPC,Haikou 571100,China;Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中共海南省委党校经济学部,海南海口571100 [2]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [3]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037

出　　处：《中国矿业》2020年第1期16-22,共7页China Mining Magazine

摘　　要：本文在全球、区域和国家层面分析天然铀贸易历史及现状的基础上,对全球天然铀资源贸易演变格局特征和趋势进行探讨,并对典型国家(美国、法国和中国)天然铀资源贸易特征进行剖析,得出四条结论:福岛核事故之后,全球核电发展陷入低迷,全球铀矿价格总体步入下行通道;研究期内全球天然铀的贸易格局由原有的北美贸易体系和欧洲贸易体系两大贸易体系,随着中国的崛起逐渐演变成为三大贸易体系:北美贸易体系、欧洲贸易体系和亚洲贸易体系;法国和美国在本国铀资源需求趋于稳定的背景下,其国际铀资源战略开始逐渐收缩,自然铀进口多元化呈现下降的趋势,两国更加倾向从更易于获取或者更有安全保障的地区和国家进口天然铀;尽管中国天然铀进口主要来源于中亚国家,但这些国家政府与中国关系密切且陆地接壤,并且这些国家铀资源生产为政府所控制,此种情形反而有助于提高中国铀矿供应安全。Based on the global,regional and national levels on the basis of analyzing the history and present situation of natural uranium trade,the global trade evolution pattern of natural uranium resources characteristic and trend were discussed,and the typical countries(the United States,France and China)trade characteristics were the key anatomical natural uranium resources,it is concluded that after the Fukushima nuclear accident,the global development of nuclear power was depressed,and the global price of uranium began to decline gradually;during the study period,the global natural uranium trade pattern changed from the original north American trade system and the European trade system to three trading systems with the rise of China:the North American trade system,the European trade system and the Asian trade system;France and the United States began to gradually shrink their international uranium resources strategy,and the diversification of natural uranium imports showed a declining trend.The two countries were more inclined to import natural uranium from regions and countries that were easier to obtain or more secure;although most of China’s natural uranium imports come from central Asian countries,the fact that their governments have close ties to China and land borders,and that their uranium production is controlled by the government,has helped secure Chinese supplies.

关 键 词：天然铀 核电 贸易格局 多元化 

分 类 号：F416.1[经济管理—产业经济]