宋朝军中饮酒问题浅论  

On the Problem of Drinking in the Song Dynasty Army

作　　者：陈峰[1] CHEN Feng(School of History,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学历史学院

出　　处：《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第2期14-19,共6页Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：2018年国家社科基金重点项目(18AZS009)

摘　　要：在宋朝历史上,军队长期存在着饮酒问题,由此造成了诸多的消极后果。这些后果既表现为借酒生事,酗酒打人、伤民,酒后违禁以及残害人命等违纪违法举动,也反映于酒后的各种失职行为,轻则贻误职守,重则危及军事防务与战场行动。宋代朝野对此贻害虽有目共睹,但这一积弊却依旧未能解决。推究其因,与宋朝相关规制的缺陷存在关联,即军队禁酒律法仅适用于士兵及低级军校,而不针对军官、武将,更与统治者的带头饮乐行为与纵容态度密不可分。其深层次的根源,则在于宋朝注重怀柔方式化解矛盾的实用主义统治模式,纵容饮酒享乐不过是笼络武将的手法之一而已。In the history of Song Dynasty,there was a chronicle drinking problem in the army,which resulted in many negative consequences.These consequences are not only manifested in the violation of laws and regulations,such as causing troubles,hitting people,hurting people,violating rules after drinking and killing people after drinking,but also reflected in various derelictionof duty.The minor offenses may include delaying their duties,while the heavy ones may even endanger military defense and battlefield operations.Although it is obvious to all that the government and the people in the Song Dynasty have realised its harm but the long-standing problem has not been solved.It is due to the defects of the relevant regulations in the Song Dynasty,that is,the military alcohol prohibition law is only applicable to soldiers and low-level military schools,but not to officers and military commanders,and it is closely related to the rulers’examples in drinking behavior and indulgent attitude.The deep root of this lies in Song Dynasty’s pragmatic ruling mode,which emphasizes the conciliatory way to resolve contradictions.Indulging in drinking and having fun is only one of the ways to win over military commanders.

关 键 词：宋朝 军队 饮酒 积弊 怀柔 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学] E291[历史地理—中国史]