浙东地区‘红美人’杂柑果实品质与土壤和叶片养分的关系  

Relationship between fruit quality and nutrients in soil and leaves of ’Hongmeiren’ citrus hybrid cultivated in eastern Zhejiang province

作　　者：黄振东[1] 王鹏[1] 徐建国[1] 鹿连明[1] 陈国庆[1] 温明霞[1] 林媚[1] HUANG Zhendong;WANG Peng;XU Jianguo;LU Lianming;CHEN Guoqing;WEN Mingxia;LIN Mei(The Citrus Research Institute of Zhejiang Province,Taizhou 3018020,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省柑桔研究所

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第1期88-97,共10页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0202004);浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划(2018XTTGSG011)

摘　　要：【目的】揭示浙江东部地区‘红美人’杂柑果实品质与土壤肥力、叶片养分的关系,明确‘红美人’杂柑产量、品质的关键影响因子。【方法】在浙江东部‘红美人’杂柑种植区域采集柑橘果实、柑橘叶片和园地土壤样本各33份,统计了柑橘产量,测定了果实品质性状、果实矿质元素含量、叶片营养元素含量和园地土壤理化性状,深入分析了果实品质与土壤理化状况、叶片矿质元素含量的关系。【结果】浙江东部‘红美人’种植区域土壤中水溶性氮、有效磷和速效钾三个大量元素含量基本上在适量和高量范围,而叶片中钾含量偏低。果实的可溶性固形物含量与土壤pH值和交换性钙含量呈显著负相关,说明适度降低土壤pH值有利于增加果实可溶性固形物含量,而土壤交换性钙含量过高会显著不利于增加果实可溶性固形物含量;果实总酸含量与叶片锰含量呈显著正相关,叶片锰含量与土壤有效态铁、锰含量呈显著正相关而与土壤交换性钙含量呈显著负相关,说明土壤和叶片中锰过量会增加果实酸度,而土壤中有效钙过量有降低果实酸度的作用。【结论】‘红美人’橘园应当考虑肥料的平衡使用,防止元素间的拮抗。部分地区因土壤酸碱度不合理而造成钙、镁、硼等中微量元素的缺乏是限制‘红美人’果实产量和品质的重要原因,需要及时叶面补充‘。红美人’果实品质中的单果质量和可溶性固形物含量与土壤的pH值和交换性钙含量密切相关,需要根据橘园土壤条件调节适宜的pH值和适当补充一些中、微量元素。【Objective】In order to reveal the relation of‘Hongmeiren’citrus fruit quality with the soil property and leaf nutrition in eastern Zhejiang,we analyzed the key factors influencing fruit quality and yield.【Methods】Thirty-three samples of fruits,leaves and rhizosphere soil were collected from eastern Zhejiang.Afterwards,the citrus yield was counted immediately.Fruit quality characteristics,mineral element contents in fruits and leaves as well as physical and chemical properties in the soil were measured in lab separately,and then the relationship among fruit quality,soil characteristics and leaf nutrients was studied.【Results】In‘Hongmeiren’citrus orchards located in eastern Zhejiang,the primary nutrients such as nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)elements in the soil were basically in proper or higher levels,while K content was lower in leaves.Meanwhile,it was shown that the fruit soluble solid content was negatively correlated with soil pH value and exchangeable calcium(Ca)content,suggesting that a moderate decrease of soil pH contributed to the improvement of fruit soluble solid content(SSC).However,excessive amount of soil exchangeable Ca could lead to the decline of fruit soluble solid content.There was a significant positive correlation between total acid and manganese(Mn)content in leaves.There was a significantly positive correlation between leaf Mn content and available Iron(Fe)and Mn contents in the soil,but a significantly negative correlation existed with soil exchangeable Ca content,suggesting that the excessive Mn content in soil and leaves may increase the total acid,while the excessive soil exchangeable Ca content may decrease the total acid.【Conclusion】To prevent antagonism among different nutrient elements,the balanced fertilizer application should be considered in‘Hongmeiren’citrus orchards of eastern Zhejiang.The deficiency of medium and trace elements,such as Ca,magnesium(Mg)and boron(B)due to the unreasonable pH value was the main reason for limiting the fruit

关 键 词：‘红美人’杂柑 果实品质 土壤 叶片 相关性 

分 类 号：S666.1[农业科学—果树学]