论社会思潮流转与法律制度变迁——以美国产品质量监管为对象的考察  

On the Circulation of Social Thoughts and the Change of Legal System——An Investigation on the Regulation of Product Quality in the United States

作　　者：李巍涛[1] 袁崔晓娟 LI Weitao;CUI Xiaojuan(Law School of Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学法学院,北京100044 [2]中国质量认证中心法律部,北京100088

出　　处：《武陵学刊》2020年第1期57-66,72,共11页Journal of Wuling

基　　金：北京交通大学社会科学重点项目“‘一带一路’”沿线国家法律制度研究”（KJJB16005536）

摘　　要：任何法律制度都是特定历史条件和文化背景下的产物,美国产品质量监管法也不例外,因此不仅要了解其当下的形态,还要探讨其发展演变的过程,当下所见的法律样貌毕竟是由一层一层的历史帷幕叠加而成的。产品质量问题由来已久而且普遍存在,兼具经济属性与社会属性,同时相较于其他法律现象又较少受到民族文化传统和政治体制的影响,具有更多的"普适意义"。我国正在迅速转变为工业型国家,与一个世纪之前的美国有着相似的经历和境遇,美国成功的产品质量监管经验无疑非常值得学习、借鉴。但制度的借鉴移植不是翻拍,不能脱离现实国情,而是应该以历史的考察为基础。法律文化差异经法律移植引起的法制异化给社会发展造成的负面影响不亚于法制缺失带来的无序。Any legal system is the product of specific historical conditions and cultural background,and American product quality regulation law is no exception.Therefore,we should not only understand its current form,but also explore its development and evolution process.After all,the legal appearance we see at present is the superposition of layers of historical curtain.The product quality problem has a long history and is widespread.It has both economic and social attributes.At the same time,compared with other legal phenomena,it is less affected by the national cultural tradition and political system,and has more"universal significance".China is rapidly transforming into an industrialized country,which has similar experiences and circumstances with the United States a century ago.Undoubtedly,the successful experience of product quality supervision in the United States is worth learning.However,the reference and transplantation of the system is not a remake,not divorced from the actual situation,but should be based on historical investigation.The legal alienation caused by the legal cultural difference through legal transplantation has a negative impact on social development as much as the disorder caused by the lack of legal system.

关 键 词：法律文化 社会思潮 法律移植 产品质量 监管 

分 类 号：D902[政治法律—法学理论]