水下爆炸圆柱壳冲击波绕射特性分析  

Analysis of the underwater shock wave diffraction characteristics of cylindrical shell

作　　者：姚熊亮[1] 屈子悦 张乐 王志凯 YAO Xiongliang;QU Ziyue;ZHANG Le;WANG Zhikai(School of Shipbuilding Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学船舶工程学院

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2020年第1期9-16,共8页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11602069,51779056);中央高校基本科研业务费(HEUCFM170108)

摘　　要：水下爆炸冲击波入射到圆柱壳结构表面时,由于圆柱壳结构的特殊性,冲击波经过圆柱壳顶端时会改变传播方向,从而到达圆柱壳背爆面,到达背爆面的冲击波称为绕射冲击波。为了研究绕射冲击波的特性以及圆柱壳周围的压力分析,本文通过ALE流固耦合法对冲击波与圆柱壳结构相互作用过程中产生的压力场进行仿真和分析,建立了包含圆柱壳、空气及流场在内的有限元模型,给出了在不同板厚与爆距下研究圆柱壳周围的压力场分布情况。研究结果表明:ALE方法很好地模拟了冲击波在圆柱壳周围的传播过程和波动效应。迎爆面处测点压力时程曲线脉宽大,峰值高,背爆面测点压力时程曲线压力低但脉宽大;在不同板厚与爆距时,背爆面各处的压力峰值与脉宽趋于一致,绕射所产生的压力并不显著。随着爆距和板厚的增加,背爆面的脉宽值与临界点处的值趋于一致。When underwater explosion shock waves incident on the surface of cylindrical shells,due to the particularity of cylindrical shells,the shock wave will change the direction of propagation.The shock waves reaching the back of cylindrical shells are called diffracted shock waves.In this paper,in order to study the diffraction characteristics of the shock wave and the pressure analysis around the cylindrical shell,the ALE fluid-solid coupling method is used to simulate and analyze the pressure field generated during the interaction between shock wave and cylindrical shell structure,established a finite element model including cylindrical shell,air and flow field,the pressure field distribution around cylindrical shell is studied under different shell thickness and detonation distance.The result shows that the ALE method can well simulate the propagation process and wave effect of shock wave around a cylindrical shell.At the front of the blasting surface,the pulse width of the pressure time-history curve is smaller,the peak value is higher.At the back of the blasting surface,the pressure is lower but the pulse width is larger.The peak pressure and pulse width around the back blasting surface tend to be the same with different plate thickness and blasting distance,and the pressure produced by the diffraction is not significant.As the blasting distance and plate thickness increase,the pulse width value of the back explosion surface tends to coincide with the value at the critical point.

关 键 词：水下爆炸 冲击波 圆柱壳 绕射 流固耦合 

分 类 号：U661.44[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]