晋西黄土区苹果园生长季土壤水分动态  

Dynamics of Soil Moisture in Apple Orchards in the Growing Season in the Loess Region of Western Shanxi

作　　者：冯金超 党宏忠[1] 王檬檬 田大栓 姚源 却晓娥 吴丽丽 FENG Jinchao;DANG Hongzhong;WANG Mengmeng;TIAN Dashuan;YAO Yuan;QUE Xiaoe;WU Lili(Institute of Desertification Studies,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot 010018,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Ningxia Wolfberry Industry Development Center,Yinchuan 750001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100091 [2]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,呼和浩特010010 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [4]宁夏枸杞产业发展中心,银川750001

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2020年第1期139-145,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“黄土残塬沟壑区水土保持型景观优化与特色林产业技术及示范(2016YFC0501704)”

摘　　要：为了揭示黄土残塬沟壑区苹果园剖面土壤含水量的变化,对晋西黄土区苹果园的可持续发展提供科学依据,试验以17龄苹果树果园土壤为研究对象,通过ECH 2 O土壤水分探头对50,100,150,200,250,300 cm处深度土壤体积含水量进行一个生长季的定位观测,分析了土壤水分的空间分异及动态变化。结果表明:(1)6个层次土壤含水量差异显著,平均值分别为:22.27%,21.38%,18.92%,17.94%,10.60%,9.55%,表现出自上而下降低的趋势。(2)观测期内,150 cm,200 cm,250 cm,300 cm深度土壤含水量对降雨无响应,且100 cm层次土壤含水量对降雨的响应远远滞后于50 cm层次。随着土层深度的增加,土壤体积含水量表现出自上而下依次降低的趋势;降雨仅能影响100 cm以内深度的土壤含水量;晋西黄土高原残塬沟壑区苹果果园土壤在200 cm的土层深度以下已有土壤干化现象产生。To investigate the temporal variations of soil moisture and provide scientific basis for the sustainable development of apple orchards in the gully area in Loess Plateau,we monitored the soil moisture at the depths of 50 cm,100 cm,150 cm,200 cm,250 cm,300 cm by ECH 2 O during the growing season in an apple orchard in Shanxi Province on the Loess Plateau.The results show that there are significant differences in soil moisture contents among the depths of 50 cm,100 cm,150 cm,200 cm,250 cm and 200 cm,with the average values of 22.27%,21.38%,18.92%,17.94%,10.60%and 9.5%,respectively;the precipitation can affect a maximum of soil water content at 100 cm depth;during the study period,the response of soil water content at 100 cm depth to precipitation far lagged behind that at 50 cm depth.In addition,the soil moisture at the depths of 150 cm,200 cm,250 cm and 300 cm had no significant responses to the precipitation;the soil moisture showed the decreasing trend with the increase of the soil depth.The precipitation could only affect soil moisture within 100 cm depth.At the 200 cm depth,the soil dessication had occurred in the apple orchard in the gully area in western Shanxi Province on the Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：黄土高原 土壤水分 干层 降雨量 

分 类 号：Q142[生物学—生态学] Q948[生物学—普通生物学]