管网雨水补给河道用水的人工湿地水质净化流程研究  

Research on Water Purification Process of Constructed Wetland with Drainage Rainwater Replenishing Riverways

作　　者：吴丹子[1] 李鑫[1] 张文杰 郑文刚 WU Danzi;LI Xin;ZHANG Wenjie;ZHENG Wengang(Beijing Forestry University;Beijing Forestry University Information Institute;National Agricultural Informatization Engineering Center)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院 [2]北京林业大学信息学院 [3]国家农业信息化工程中心

出　　处：《风景园林》2019年第12期91-96,共6页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：北京林业大学建设世界一流学科和特色发展引导专项资金(编号2019XKJS0317);北京市共建项目~~

摘　　要：中国北方部分地区水资源短缺,河道干涸,但夏季雨水资源潜力丰富。虽径流受到一定污染,但较于生活污水和工业废水,其污染程度更低,成分更简单。雨水通过低运行成本的人工湿地净化系统,可以实现较好的净化效果,满足河道景观需求和生态补水。城市管网雨水承载能力过重的城市边缘区,建设更新过程中进行雨污分流制度,更适于采用人工水质净化的方式将城市雨水管网中的雨水进行就近消纳,减轻城市雨水管网压力,并利用表面负荷率(ALR)来确定并校核人工湿地面积。在综合现在人工水质净化主流程预处理单元、人工湿地单元和消毒存储单元3个环节的基础上,以低运营成本、低管理成本、最优净水量为指向,引入物联网技术智能管控系统,行程具有能控制各级出水水质监测、多级管控、净水生态功能与游览景观功能相结合等多重优点的人工水质净化全流程,达到符合河道水质标准的净化效果。该流程为缓解北方城镇河道缺水现状、解决城市雨洪问题提供新思路。In some northern regions of China, water shortage has caused rivers to dry up. However, rainfall resources are abundant in summer. Although runoffs are subject to pollution to a certain extent, they are less polluted with simpler composition compared with domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. Rainfall can be well purified through the constructed wetland purification system with low operation cost to enrich river landscape and replenish water ecologically. It is more appropriate for urban fringe areas, where the pipe network’s heavy rain-bearing capacity is overloaded, to adopt the artificial water purification system to diverse rainwater in the sewage and reduce the pressure of the drainage system in the urban construction and renewal process. The artificial wetland area can be determined and checked by using the ammonium loading rate(ALR). This study integrates three main processes of artificial water purification: pretreatment unit, constructed wetland unit and disinfection storage unit, based on which the intelligent control system of Internet of Things technology is introduced to achieve low operating costs, low management costs and optimal net water quantity. The whole process has multiple advantages including all levels of effluent water quality monitoring, multi-level controlling, ecological water purifying and landscaping, to make purification effects meet the standards of river water quality requirements. The process provides new ideas for al eviating river water shortage in northern cities and solving the urban rainfall flood problem.

关 键 词：风景园林 人工湿地 人工水质净化 管网雨水收集 水质监测 河道补水 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X703