设施菜田夏季闷棚对还田秸秆矿化和CO2排放的影响  

Effect of Stuffy Shed on Mineralization and CO2 Emission of Returning Straw in Greenhouse Vegetable Field in Summer

作　　者：余亚琳 胡静 樊兆博[1] 王敬国[1] 林杉[1] YU Ya-lin;HU Jing;FAN Zhao-bo(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第2期81-84,92,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41761134087);国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD23B01-4)

摘　　要：[目的]研究设施蔬菜夏季闷棚对还田秸秆矿化和CO 2排放的影响。[方法]设计二因素试验,主因素为灌溉方式(传统畦灌施肥、滴灌施肥),副因素为秸秆还田(0、3500 kg/hm 2),通过测定闷棚前、闷棚期和闷棚后CO 2日排放通量,以及6月1日、11月4日2 d内每3 h的CO 2排放通量,总结闷棚对还田秸秆矿化的影响。[结果]夏季08:00—09:00和冬季17:00—18:00测定的土壤CO 2排放通量与其间CO 2日均排放通量之间不存在显著差异,且二者呈极显著线性正相关关系。闷棚期,CO 2日均排放通量显著高于闷棚前和闷棚后;尤其是秸秆还田后,闷棚期CO 2排放通量急剧增加,是不添加秸秆处理的2倍。尽管闷棚期间CO 2累积排放量显著低于闷棚后生长季;然而,闷棚期来自于秸秆的CO 2累积排放量和排放率则显著高于闷棚后生长季。[结论]闷棚期高温高湿的环境条件导致闷棚前加入的秸秆迅速矿化,不利于土壤有机碳积累和后续蔬菜作物光合作用对CO 2的高需求。[Objective]To study the effect of stuffy shed on the mineralization and CO 2 emission of returning straw in greenhouse vegetable in summer.[Method]A two-factor field experiment was carried out,the main factor was the irrigation method(conventional flooding irrigation and drip irrigation),the secondary factor was straw returning(0,3500 kg/hm 2).By measuring the daily CO 2 emission fluxes before,during and after the stuffy period,as well as the CO 2 emission fluxes per 3 h on June 1 and November 4,to summarize the effect of stuffy shed on the mineralization of returning straw.[Result]There was no significant difference between the daily average CO 2 emission flux measured at 08:00-09:00 in summer or at 17:00-18:00 in winter and the CO 2 daily average emission flux,and there was a very significant linear positive correlation between the two.During the stuffy period,the average daily CO 2 emission flux was significantly higher than that before and after the stuffy period;especially,after straw was returned to the soil,CO 2 emission flux in the stuffy period increased sharply,which was twice as much as that without straw addition.Moreover,although the CO 2 cumulative emissions during the stuffy period were significantly lower than the growth season after the stuffy;however,the CO 2 cumulative emissions and emission rate of straw during the stuffy period were significantly higher than that in the growth season after the stuffy period.[Conclusion]The high temperature and high humidity during the stuffy period lead to the rapid mineralization and CO 2 emission than that before and after stuffy,which is not conducive to the accumulation of soil organic carbon and the high demand on CO 2 by subsequent photosynthesis of vegetable rapid growth.

关 键 词：设施蔬菜 高温闷棚 CO 2排放通量 秸秆还田 矿化 

分 类 号：S152.6[农业科学—土壤学]